Interactive effects between supplemental ultraviolet-B radiation and heavy metals on the growth and biochemical characteristics of Spinacia oleracea L.

Abstract

The impact of supplemental UV-B (sUV-B) radiation and heavy metals: Cd (68 µmol.kg -1 soil) and Ni (68 μmol.kg -1 soil) singly and in combination was studied on photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments, metabolites, enzyme activities, biomass accumulation and the net primary productivity of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. var. All Green), a common leafy vegetable plant. Both the stresses individually and in combination resulted in the reduction of photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, and catalase activity, whereas a reverse trend was observed for anthocyanin, flavonoids and proline content, lipid peroxidation and peroxidase activity. The interactive effects of both the stresses were, however, less than additive. Combined treatment of sUV-B + Cd was more deleterious as compared to sUV-B + Ni and other individual treatments. Key words: Spinaicia oleracea, biomass, cadmium, enzymes, nickel, pigments, ultraviolet-B.Efeitos interativos entre radiação ultravioleta B suplementar e metais pesados no crescimento e características bioquí-micas de Spinacia oleracea L.: Estudou-se o impacto de radiação UV-B suplementar (sUV-B) e dos metais pesados Cd (68 µmol.kg -1 solo) e Ni (68 μmol.kg -1 solo), isoladamente ou em combinação, sobre pigmentos fotossintéticos e não fotossintéti-cos, metabólitos, atividades enzimáticas, acúmulo de biomassa e produtividade primária de espinafre (Spinacia oleracea L. var. All Green). Ambos estresses, individualmente ou em combinação, resultaram na redução dos pigmentos fotossintéticos, áci-do ascórbico, e atividade de catalase, sendo que uma tendência oposta foi observada para o conteúdo de antocianina, flavonói-des e prolina, peroxidação lipídica e atividade de peroxidase. Os efeitos interativos de ambos estresses foram, no entanto, menos que se fossem aditivos. O tratamento combinado de sUV-B + Cd foi o mais deletério quando comparado com sUV-B + Ni e outros tratamentos individuais.

Detrimental Effects of Selected Salts on Seed Germination and Growth Parameters of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

“…At 10ppm, 20ppm and 30ppm the dry weight are 0.040mg, 0.030mg, 0.020mg respectively than 0.135mg in control dry weight is decreased more than ZnSO 4 and CuSO 4 . The characteristic feature of toxicities in plant due to heavy metal chlorosis and reduction in net photosynthetic which leads to decrease plant growth and productivity (Sweta, 2006) It is concluded that Spinach (All Green) variety which can be cultivated at those areas at which heavy metals are present in soil or in the water used for irrigation as they showed some resistance against heavy metals treatment, which is proved by their data in germination %, seedling length, seedling fresh and seed ling dry weight parameters.…”

Effect of Metal Stress due to Strontium and The Mechanisms of Tolerating it by Amaranthus caudatus L.

“…This reduction in the growth and photosynthetic pigments could be due to the disturbance in photosystem I and induced activity of chlorophyllase enzyme [32]. The protective function of anthocyanin against the stress conations is fairly clears [33]. Similarly, observations have been made in many plants species [34][35][36].…”

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF Malva parviflora

“…Chlorophyll and carotenoids are the main core of energy production in green plants, and their amounts are significantly changed by environmental effects on plant metabolism (Shweta and Agrawal, 2006). The photosynthetic pigments are most likely to be damaged by air pollution.…”