Interactive effects of dietary (n − 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids and chronic ethanol intoxication on synaptic membrane lipid composition and fluidity in rats

Zérouga, Mustapha; Beaugé, Franĉoise; Niel, Elisabeth; Durand, Georges; Bourre, Jean‐Marie

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(91)90173-f

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…One of these mechanisms might involve the effects of changes in the relative amounts of PUFA in the neuronal membranes on the function of these membranes. Several findings show that changes in dietary PUFA act on membrane fluidity (33)(34)(35); it can therefore be hypothesized that membrane changes induced by chronic n-3 PUFA deficiency could decrease the formation of vesicles, which we observed. In agreement with this, it has also been shown that dietary α-linolenic acid deficiency can affect vesicle density in the rat hippocampus (36).…”

Section: Pufa and Monoaminergic Neurotransmission: Experimental Studimentioning

confidence: 69%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cerebral function: Focus on monoaminergic neurotransmission

Chalon

Vancassel²,

Zimmer

et al. 2001

Lipids

161

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More and more reports in recent years have shown that the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constitutes an environmental factor able to act on the central nervous system (CNS) function. We recently demonstrated that the effects of PUFA on behavior can be mediated through effects on the monoaminergic neurotransmission processes. Supporting this proposal, we showed that chronic dietary deficiency in alpha-linolenic acid in rats induces abnormalities in several parameters of the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopaminergic systems. In both systems, the pool of dopamine stored in presynaptic vesicles is strongly decreased. This may be due to a decrease in the number of vesicles. In addition, several other factors of dopaminergic neurotransmission are modified according to the system affected. The mesocortical system seems to be hypofunctional overall [e.g., decreased basal release of dopamine (DA) and reduced levels of dopamine D2 (DAD2) receptors]. In contrast, the mesolimbic system seems to be hyperfunctional overall (e.g., increased basal release of DA and increased levels of DAD2 receptors). These neurochemical changes are in agreement with modifications of behavior already described with this deficiency. The precise mechanisms explaining the effects of PUFA on neurotransmission remain to be clarified. For example, modifications of physical properties of the neuronal membrane, effects on proteins (receptors, transporters) enclosed in the membrane, and effects on gene expression and/or transcription might occur. Whatever the mechanism, it is therefore assumed that interactions exist among PUFA, neurotransmission, and behavior. This might be related to clinical findings. Indeed, deficits in the peripheral amounts of PUFA have been described in subjects suffering from neurological and psychiatric disorders. Involvement of the monoaminergic neurotransmission function has been demonstrated or hypothesized in several of these diseases. It can therefore be proposed that functional links exist among PUFA status, neurotransmission processes, and behavioral disorders in humans. Animal models are tools of choice for the understanding of such links. Improved prevention and complementary treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases can be expected from these studies.

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Section: Pufa and Monoaminergic Neurotransmission: Experimental Studimentioning

confidence: 69%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cerebral function: Focus on monoaminergic neurotransmission

Chalon

Vancassel²,

Zimmer

et al. 2001

Lipids

161

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“…This is because cells consisting the brain such as neurons and glia cells have a high cell membrane/cytoplasm ratio due to their complex morphology with many processes. Since the cell membrane is formed as a lipid bilayer, the molecules including saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterols are the major component of the brain (Bourre et al, 1992;Zerouga et al, 1991). Lipids are also important as nutrients because they have high calorific value, compose http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2014.08.012 0168-0102/© 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fatty acid binding proteins and the nervous system: Their impact on mental conditions

Matsumata

Inada

Osumi

2016

Neuroscience Research

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The brain is rich in lipid and fatty molecules. In this review article, we focus on fatty acid binding proteins (Fabps) that bind to fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and docosahexianoic acid and transfer these lipid ligands within the cytoplasm. Among Fabp family molecules, Fabp3, Fabp5, and Fabp7 are specifically localized in neural stem/progenitor cells, neurons and glia in a cell-type specific manner. Quantitative trait locus analysis has revealed that Fabp7 is related with performance of prepulse inhibition (PPI) that is used as an endophenotype of psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Fabp5 and Fabp7 play important roles on neurogenesis and differentially regulate acoustic startle response and PPI. However, other behavior performances including spatial memory, anxiety-like behavior, and diurnal changes in general activity were not different in mice deficient for Fabp7 or Fabp5. Considering the importance of fatty acids in neurogenesis, we would like to emphasize that lipid nutrition and its dynamism via Fabps play significant roles in mental conditions. This might provide a good example of how nutritional environment can affect psychiatric conditions at the molecular level.

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“…L'implication des acides gras oméga-3 dans l'alcoolisme et la démence alcoolique n'a pas été étudiée, bien qu'il ait été démontré que la présence nutritionnelle d'ALA module les effets de l'alcool, par exemple au niveau des terminaisons nerveuses de l'animal expérimental [80].…”

Section: Démencesunclassified

Acides gras oméga-3 alimentaires et neuropsychiatrie

Bourre

2004

OCL

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Summary : Omega-3 fatty acids participated in the first coherent experimental demonstration of the effect of dietary substances (nutrients) on the structure and function of the brain. Experiments were first of all carried out on ex-vivo cultured brain cells, then on in vivo brain cells, finally on physiochemical, biochemical, physiological, neurosensory, and behavioural parameters. These findings indicated that the nature of polyunsaturated fatty acids (in particular omega-3) present in formula milks for infants (both premature and term) determines the visual, cerebral, and intellectual abilities, as described in a recent review in OCL [1]. In view of the high omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the brain, it is evident that these fats are involved in brain biochemistry, physiology and functionning\; and thus in some neuropsychiatric diseases and in the cognitive decline of ageing. Though omega-3 fatty acids appear effective in the prevention of stress, their role as regulator of mood and libido is a matter for discussion pending experimental proof in animal and human models. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids could play a role in the prevention of some disorders including depression, as well as in dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease. Their direct role in major depression and bipolar disorder (manic-depressive disease) and schizophrenia is not yet established. Their deficiency can prevent the renewal of membranes, and thus accelerate cerebral ageing\; nonetheless, the respective roles of the vascular component on one hand (where the omega-3's are active) and the cerebral parenchyma itself on the other, have not yet been clearly resolved. The role of omega-3 in certain diseases such as dyslexia and autism is suggested. The role of omega-3 in certain diseases such as dyslexia, autism, and schizophrenia seems to suggest a problem of diet. Indeed, the insufficient dietary supply of omega-3 fatty acids in today's French diet raises the problem of how to correct dietary habits so that the consumer will select foods that are genuinely rich in omega-3/the omega-3 family\; mainly rapeseed and walnut oils on one hand and fatty fish on the other.Keywords : fatty acids, omega-3, brain, psychiatry, depression, dementia, stress, mood ARTICLE IntroductionLes acides gras oméga-3 constituent une famille dont le premier élément est l'acide alphalinolénique indispensable (ALA, 18:3 oméga-3, principalement trouvé dans le règne végétal) ; les autres éléments, élaborés à partir de l'ALA, sont constitués de chaînes carbonées plus longues et plus insaturées, principalement présentes dans le monde animal, les principaux étant l'EPA (acide Article disponible sur le site http://www.ocl-journal.org ou http://dx

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Interactive effects of dietary (n − 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids and chronic ethanol intoxication on synaptic membrane lipid composition and fluidity in rats

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cerebral function: Focus on monoaminergic neurotransmission

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cerebral function: Focus on monoaminergic neurotransmission

Fatty acid binding proteins and the nervous system: Their impact on mental conditions

Acides gras oméga-3 alimentaires et neuropsychiatrie

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