Interactive effects of plant density and nitrogen rate on grain yield, economic benefit, water productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of drip-fertigated maize in northwest China

Lai, Zhenlin; Fan, Junliang; Yang, Rui; Xu, Xinyu; Liu, Lanjiao; Li, Sien; Zhang, Fucang; Li, Zhijun

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107453

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The water use efficiency for drip irrigation treatments increased by 13.9-39.2% over mulched furrow irrigation (Wang et al, 2021a). Grain yield, economic benefit, water productivity and nitrogen use efficiency were significantly affected by plant density, N rate and their interaction under drip fertigation in maize (Lai et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Drip Fertigation of Nitrogen, Potassium and Microbial Consortium on Growth, Yield, Water Productivity and Economics of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

Kiran¹,

Kumar²,

Devi³

et al. 2022

IJBSM

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A field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) during rabi (November to February), 2018–19 to study the effect of drip fertigation of Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K) and microbial consortium (MC) on growth, yield, water productivity and economics at Water Technology Centre, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana state, India. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design and replicated thrice. The treatments, comprising of two fertility levels viz., 75% and 100% recommended dose (RD) of N and K as first factor and biofertigation of Microbial Consortium (MC) as second factor. The interaction effect between RD of N and K and biofertigation of MC was not significant. Significantly higher LAI, DMP, grain yield and water productivity was recorded with fertigation of 100% RD N and K compared to 75% RD N and K. Biofertigation of MC 5 times and 3 times recorded significantly higher LAI, DMP, grain yield and water productivity. Net returns recorded with fertigation of 75% and 100% RD of N and K were not significantly different. Among biofertigation of MC, significantly higher net returns were observed in biofertigation of MC five times and was on par with biofertigation of MC three times. 75% RD of N and K recorded higher B:C ratio and was on par with 100% RD N and K in fertigation levels. Among biofertigation of MC, there was no significant difference in B:C ratio was observed between biofertigation of MC five times and three times and were significantly superior over soil application of MC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Drip Fertigation of Nitrogen, Potassium and Microbial Consortium on Growth, Yield, Water Productivity and Economics of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

Kiran¹,

Kumar²,

Devi³

et al. 2022

IJBSM

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“…In this study, increasing plant density could further improve NRE under N 180 inputs (Figure 8). This is because increasing the density accelerates the transfer of N nutrients from the stems and leaves to the grains (Lai et al, 2022). The highest NRE of maize in this experiment was 56.5-62.8% (2019-2020), while the average NRE of farmer practices in China was 25-30% (Li et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Nitrogen rates and plant density interactions enhance radiation interception, yield, and nitrogen use efficiencies of maize

et al. 2022

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The contributions of the different leaf layers to maize yields identified as middle leaf > lower leaf > upper leaf, where the vertical photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy gradually decreases. We hypothesized that the allocation of more PAR and nitrogen (N) to the highest contributing leaves will would be beneficial for higher yields and N use efficiencies. The N application rate and plant density effectively regulated the canopy light and N distribution. We evaluated the interactive effects of N rate and plant density on the agronomic and ecophysiological characteristics of leaves at different orientations in a 2019/2020 field experiment. In this study, an N application rate of 180 kg ha–1 coupled with a plant density of 82,500 plants ha–1 achieved the highest yield and N recovery efficiency (NRE). In contrast to the traditional farming practices in northern China, the density was increased and N rate was reduced. Densification from 52,500 to 82,500 plants ha–1 increased the population leaf area index (LAI) by 37.1% and total photosynthetically active radiation (TPAR) by 29.2%; however, excessive density (from 82,500 to 97,500 plants ha–1) drastically reduced the proportion of TPAR by 28.0% in the lower leaves. With increased density, the leaf areas and angles of the upper leaves decreased much more than those of the other leaves, which allowed the middle and lower leaves to access more light, which manifested a smaller extinction coefficient for light (KL). A high yield (>1,000 kg ha–1) of maize could be achieved simultaneously with higher NRE; however, it was negatively correlated with internal N use efficiency (IEN). Higher N concentrations and lower total performance index (PItotal) in the lower leaves may be an important rationale for the reduction of IEN in high-yielding maize. Additionally, decreased N rate without yield reduction under higher densities was primarily attributed to the more uniform vertical N distribution [a smaller extinction coefficient for N (KN)]. These results suggest that the N fertilizer rate can be moderately reduced without a reduction in maize yield under high plant densities in northern China.

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“…To enhance the applicability of field management practices, multiple regression analysis and spatial modeling were employed to determine reasonable irrigation and fertilizer application intervals to meet different production goals. This method has been extensively employed in agricultural production and presented a scientific basis for crop production [65][66][67]. Our study found that potato TY, NI, WP, TNA, and NUE were simultaneously optimized (achieved ≥95% of their maximum values) when irrigation and fertilization (N-P-K) were 248~266 mm and 149.09-74.55-186.36~212.73-106.36-265.91 kg ha −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Multi-objective Optimization Of Water and Fertilizer Managem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Irrigation and Fertilization to Simultaneously Improve Potato Tuber Yield, Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Net Income in Northwest China

Zhang,

Chen,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Irrigation, fertilization, and variety are important factors affecting potato production in northwest China. Field experiments (2021 and 2022) were performed to investigate the effects of irrigation and fertilization on the plant growth and soil microbial population of different potato varieties. Three irrigation levels were used, i.e., 100% ETc (W1), 80% ETc (W2), and 60% ETc (W3), with ETc standing for crop evapotranspiration. Three fertilization levels were used (N-P-K), i.e., 240-120-300 kg ha−1 (F1), 180-90-225 kg ha−1 (F2), and 120-60-150 kg ha−1 (F3). Three variety types were used, i.e., Feiurita (V1), Longshu 7 (V2), and Qingshu 9 (V3). These factors significantly influenced tuber yield (TY), net income (NI), and water productivity (WP). TY, NI, WP, total nitrogen accumulation (TNA), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) peaked at F2. Fertilization significantly impacted soil bacteria quantity (SBQ), fungi quantity (SFQ), and actinomycetes quantity (SAQ). TY, NI, SBQ, SFQ, and SAQ were highest at W2. Soil microbial population was strongly correlated with TY, NI, WP, TNA, and NUE. Comprehensively, this study suggests that irrigation that is varied from 248 to 266 mm, and fertilization (N-P-K) that is varied from 149.09-74.55-186.36 to 212.73-106.36-265.91 kg ha−1 can promote the potato industry’s sustainable development and provide important references for the optimal field management of potato cultivation in northwest China.

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Interactive effects of plant density and nitrogen rate on grain yield, economic benefit, water productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of drip-fertigated maize in northwest China

Cited by 41 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of Drip Fertigation of Nitrogen, Potassium and Microbial Consortium on Growth, Yield, Water Productivity and Economics of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

Effect of Drip Fertigation of Nitrogen, Potassium and Microbial Consortium on Growth, Yield, Water Productivity and Economics of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

Nitrogen rates and plant density interactions enhance radiation interception, yield, and nitrogen use efficiencies of maize

Optimizing Irrigation and Fertilization to Simultaneously Improve Potato Tuber Yield, Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Net Income in Northwest China

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