Interactive governance framework and its potential for governing protected area landscape

Abstract

One of the recurring problems in the protected area management in Indonesia is the lack of collaboration between various actors who influence and were affected by the existence of these areas. One causes of existing conflicts are the diverse actor’s perceptions regarding the needs, interests, and priorities that will be considered in the region’s policymaking, relating to the management and use of natural resources. Biodiversity conservation versus physical-economic development is one among them. Instruments to tackle this problem are urgently needed, and interactive governance is one prospective alternative. Its various components, including the division of sub-system elements, properties, orders, and styles of interactive governance, can be used to strengthen the governability of a protected area. Enhancing governability can solve societal problems or develop opportunities in protected areas as the ultimate goal. This article is a literature review that explores the potential of an interactive governance framework as a solution to the lack of dialogue between actors in the protected area’s landscape. The study was conducted by exploring the understanding and history of theoretical development, followed by previous studies using this framework, and discussing the application possibilities in the protected area landscape’s management, especially in Indonesia. The study results show that this framework is remarkably feasible to be applied in Indonesia, primarily supported by the perspective of land ownership aspect, traditional community participation, the collaboration between actors and sectors, and the democratic maturation in Indonesia.

Learning through Place-Based Implementation of the UNESCO MAB Program in South Africa’s Oldest Biosphere Reserve: A Case Study of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve

“…This model is best described by what Kooiman et al [29] and Edelenbos and van Meerkerk [30] refer to as interactive governance-a model in which many actors are involved in governing the SES. This form of governance places emphasis on finding solutions to everyday challenges through interactions and creating opportunities through civil, public, and private actors [29,31]. According to interactive governance theory, higher orders of governance, i.e., meta-, or third order governance involving underlying principles and values, guide the everyday actions of governing [29].…”