Interannual variation of reach specific migratory success for Sacramento River hatchery yearling late-fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Singer, Gabriel P.; Hearn, Alex; Chapman, Eric D.; Peterson, Matthew L.; LaCivita, Peter E.; Brostoff, William N.; Bremner, A. G.; Klimley, A. Peter

doi:10.1007/s10641-012-0037-y

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Similarly, relatively higher overall survival was found for acoustic‐tagged hatchery steelhead trout and Chinook salmon in the Sacramento River/San Francisco Bay system (13.8–14.6% and 19.2–23.6%, respectively) over relatively short travel distances (156 km in freshwater, 51 km in seawater; Singer et al. ), yet monitoring over greater distances revealed much poorer overall survival in Chinook salmon (Michel et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Tracking wild sockeye salmon smolts to the ocean reveals distinct regions of nocturnal movement and high mortality

Clark

Furey

Rechisky

et al. 2016

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Few estimates of migration rates or descriptions of behavior or survival exist for wild populations of out-migrating Pacific salmon smolts from natal freshwater rearing areas to the ocean. Using acoustic transmitters and fixed receiver arrays across four years (2010-2013), we tracked the migration of >1850 wild sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts from Chilko Lake, British Columbia, to the coastal Pacific Ocean (>1000 km distance). Cumulative survival to the ocean ranged 3-10% among years, although this may be slightly underestimated due to technical limitations at the final receiver array. Distinct spatial patterns in both behavior and survival were observed through all years. In small, clear, upper-river reaches, downstream migration largely occurred at night at speeds up to 50 km/d and coincided with poor survival. Among years, only 57-78% of smolts survived the first 80 km. Parallel laboratory experiments revealed excellent short-term survival and unhindered swimming performance of dummy-tagged smolts, suggesting that predators rather than tagging effects were responsible for the initial high mortality of acoustic-tagged smolts. Migration speeds increased in the Fraser River mainstem (~220 km/d in some years), diel movement patterns ceased, and smolt survival generally exceeded 90% in this segment. Marine movement rates and survival were variable across years, with among-year segment-specific survival being the most variable and lowest (19-61%) during the final (and longest, 240 km) marine migration segment. Osmoregulatory preparedness was not expected to influence marine survival, as smolts could maintain normal levels of plasma chloride when experimentally exposed to saltwater (30 ppt) immediately upon commencing their migration from Chilko Lake. Transportation of smolts downstream generally increased survival to the farthest marine array. The act of tagging may have affected smolts in the marine environment in some years as dummy-tagged fish had poorer survival than control fish when transitioned to saltwater in laboratory-based experiments. Current fisheries models for forecasting the number of adult sockeye returning to spawn have been inaccurate in recent years and generally do not incorporate juvenile or smolt survival information. Our results highlight significant potential for early migration conditions to influence adult recruitment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…, Singer et al. ). One of the likely causes for such high levels of mortality in these upper reaches is predation by piscivorous fishes, birds, and mammals, which is thought to be a significant component of smolt mortality (Ruggerone and Rogers , Heggenes and Borgstrøm , Mesa , Collis et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking wild sockeye salmon smolts to the ocean reveals distinct regions of nocturnal movement and high mortality

Clark

Furey

Rechisky

et al. 2016

Ecological Applications

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show abstract

“…Results of acoustic tagging studies in the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers have generated important insights into overall low survival, effects of flows and turbidity on survival, diversity in migration behaviors among races of Chinook Salmon, and variability in survival rates among different regions of the river, Delta, and bays (Buchanan et al 2013;Singer et al 2013;Cavallo et al 2015;Michel et al 2015;reviewed in Perry et al 2016). However, most of these studies were conducted on hatcheryorigin salmon from different runs, highlighting the need to expand this approach to gathering comparable information on salmon originating and migrating from Central Valley rivers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science Advancements Key to Increasing Management Value of Life Stage Monitoring Networks for Endangered Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon in California

Johnson¹,

Windell²,

Brandes³

et al. 2017

SFEWS

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A robust monitoring network that provides quantitative information about the status of imperiled species at key life stages and geographic locations over time is fundamental for sustainable management of fisheries resources. For anadromous species, management actions in one geographic domain can substantially affect abundance of subsequent life stages that span broad geographic regions. Quantitative metrics (e.g., abundance, movement, survival, life history diversity, and condition) at multiple life stages are needed to inform how management actions (e.g., hatcheries, harvest, hydrology, and habitat restoration) influence salmon population dynamics. The existing monitoring network for endangered Sacramento River winterrun Chinook Salmon (SRWRC, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in California's Central Valley was compared to conceptual models developed for each life stage and geographic region of the life cycle to identify relevant SRWRC metrics. We concluded that the current monitoring network was insufficient to diagnose when (life stage) and where (geographic domain) chronic or episodic reductions in SRWRC cohorts occur, precluding within-and among-year comparisons. The strongest quantitative data exist in the Upper Sacramento River, where abundance estimates are generated for adult spawners and emigrating juveniles. However, once SRWRC leave the upper river, our knowledge of their identity,

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“…; Singer et al. ; Michel et al. ), the occurrence of fewer logistical constraints may facilitate extended recovery holding periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Response of Juvenile Chinook Salmon to Surgical Implantation of Micro‐acoustic Transmitters

Singer

Hansen

et al. 2019

Trans Am Fish Soc

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Acoustic telemetry, a commonly used tool for examining movements and survival of aquatic species, is often applied without a comprehensive understanding of transmitter implantation effects. This can be problematic when the goal of the study is to use telemetry results to make inferences regarding broader populations. Here, we examined juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha at varying time intervals after transmitter implantation to assess the behavioral implications of tagging. The following behavioral metrics in response to a novel environment were compared across treatment and control groups: time to emergence from shelter into the open portion of the test arena, rheotactic response, total activity, and rates of exploration. Tagged fish (114–132 mm FL) were tested at 0, 1, or 4 d postsurgery (day‐0, day‐1, and day‐4 groups, respectively), and their behavior was compared to that of similarly handled control fish. Emergence from refuge was the only metric that differed significantly between treatment and control groups. Fish tested on the same day as the surgery were less likely to emerge from the refuge, with only 46% of the day‐0 tagged fish emerging compared to 88, 93, and 80% of the day‐1, day‐4, and control groups, respectively. However, day‐0 fish that did emerge from the refuge had rheotactic responses, total activity, and exploration rates similar to those of fish from the other treatment and control groups. This study may have fisheries research and management implications, especially for telemetry studies and monitoring efforts. We encourage researchers using this technology to consider (1) observing a post‐transmitter‐implantation recovery period of at least 24 h prior to release, adjusting study plans and logistics accordingly; (2) applying sufficient scientific rigor to emerging tagging technology prior to wide‐scale adoption; and (3) when possible, conducting concurrent battery life and tag effects studies with any field release of tagged fishes, as differing relationships between fish size, tag size, and tagging techniques may yield variable results.

show abstract

Interannual variation of reach specific migratory success for Sacramento River hatchery yearling late-fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Tracking wild sockeye salmon smolts to the ocean reveals distinct regions of nocturnal movement and high mortality

Tracking wild sockeye salmon smolts to the ocean reveals distinct regions of nocturnal movement and high mortality

Science Advancements Key to Increasing Management Value of Life Stage Monitoring Networks for Endangered Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon in California

Behavioral Response of Juvenile Chinook Salmon to Surgical Implantation of Micro‐acoustic Transmitters

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