“…It was clearly determined using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy thatstructures of the type studied here include an interfacial layer SiO x N y with a thickness in the order of 1 nm [20]. Similar results have been obtained using the model to calculate the depth profiles from the results of spectroscopic ellipsometry [21]. Therefore, the analysis of the I-V characteristics of the studied samples is to be based on the stacked layered structure model.…”
Section: Analysis Of I-v Characteristicssupporting
In this work we carry out a refined analysis of the
C–V
and I–V characteristics of Al/Ta2O5/SiOxNy/Si structures at limited voltages (from −3.0 V to +1.0 V). The modified Terman method was used to determine the interface state densities over the silicon bandgap, and an extended comprehensive model was utilised to determine the I–V characteristics of metal/high-κ/SiO2/Si structures.
A sharp peak in interface states distribution is observed at around 0.1 eV above the valence band top; its presence is identified as the origin of the double-knee shaped C–V characteristics. The substantial contribution of the Schottky effect was observed in the leakage currents at low voltages.
“…It was clearly determined using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy thatstructures of the type studied here include an interfacial layer SiO x N y with a thickness in the order of 1 nm [20]. Similar results have been obtained using the model to calculate the depth profiles from the results of spectroscopic ellipsometry [21]. Therefore, the analysis of the I-V characteristics of the studied samples is to be based on the stacked layered structure model.…”
Section: Analysis Of I-v Characteristicssupporting
In this work we carry out a refined analysis of the
C–V
and I–V characteristics of Al/Ta2O5/SiOxNy/Si structures at limited voltages (from −3.0 V to +1.0 V). The modified Terman method was used to determine the interface state densities over the silicon bandgap, and an extended comprehensive model was utilised to determine the I–V characteristics of metal/high-κ/SiO2/Si structures.
A sharp peak in interface states distribution is observed at around 0.1 eV above the valence band top; its presence is identified as the origin of the double-knee shaped C–V characteristics. The substantial contribution of the Schottky effect was observed in the leakage currents at low voltages.
“…For example, in the case of Ta 2 O 5 on Si, after oxygen anneals values of about 3 nm are obtained (Lau, 2012). These values are close to the values for the case of Ta 2 O 5 films grown by thermal oxidation of Ta (Karmakov et al, 2012).…”
Replacement of the silicon dioxide thin films in metal-oxide-semiconductor structures for microelectronics with high-permittivity dielectrics (high-k ) is a crucial step in the further down-scaling of microelectronic devices. Technological development of the fabrication processes and better theoretical understanding of the physical phenomena in the considered structures are demanded simultaneously. Important issues concerning high-k are discussed in this paper and directions for further development are indicated. Further progress also requires better understanding of the physical phenomena appearing in stacked high-k /interfacial layer dielectrics.
“…The main equation in ellipsometry is ρ(φ,λ) = tanψ eps(iΔ), where ψ and Δ are the measured ellipsometric angles and ρ is the Fresnel amplitude reflection coefficients for p-and spolarized light with incident angle φ and wavelength λ. In our study, experimental data from multi incident angle ellipsometry (MIAE) and variable angles spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) measurements of very thin layered samples are interpreted by using the algorithms commented in previous publications [3][4][5] for characterization of inhomogeneous in depth dielectric layers (figure 1). One substantial benefit of these algorithms is the reduced cross-correlations between the fitting parameters yielding a better fit quality and sensitivity.…”
Section: Ellipsometric Data Interpretationmentioning
Ellipsometry (VASE and MAIE) with appropriate algorithms for experimental data interpretation was applied for quantitative characterization of thin Al2O3/HfO2 multilayers formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) applicable to the fabrication of charge-trapping nonvolatile memories. A substantial benefit of the algorithms is the depth profiling of the stacks. In this work, the depth profiles were retrieved of the HfO2 constituent in very thin (Al2O3:HfO2) stacks embedded in thin Al2O3 surrounding layers. The peculiarities in the achieved depth profiles are used to determine the bi-layer blocks and their sub-layer thicknesses. The influence of a rapid thermal annealing in O2 on the depth profile and the sub-layer thicknesses is studied; substantial changes are thus revealed in the thickness and composition of the stacks. This information could be used in optimizing the dielectric and electrical properties of the stacks and multilayers.
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