“…In particular, HupB bends DNA, assists the segregation of newly replicated chromosomes ( Hołówka et al., 2018 ), and localizes toward the new cell pole, as does RNase E. We also find that DNA damage causes a significant fluorescence decrease of both proteins without delocalization, compatible with a stalled fork and chromosomal fragmentation ( Manina et al., 2019 ; Burgess Tornaletti and Manina, 2020 ). In contrast, inhibition of both transcription and translation, causing nucleoid condensation ( Scutigliani et al., 2018 ; Weng et al., 2019 ), delocalizes both HupB and RNase E toward the mid-cell position, with one fluorescence cluster per cell, entailing that RNase E dynamics are largely DNA-dependent, as in C. crescentus ( Montero Llopis et al., 2010 ; Bayas et al., 2018 ). Interestingly, treatment with the cell-wall targeting drug INH causes not only a substantial increase in fluorescence and cell-to-cell fluorescence variation of both RNase E and HupB but also an atypical delocalization toward the cell center, with two main HupB clusters largely superposed by RNase E, suggestive of cell-cycle arrest before septation ( Hołówka et al., 2018 ; Santi and McKinney, 2015 ; Logsdon et al., 2017 ).…”