2018
DOI: 10.7150/jca.22962
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Interferon-γ and Colorectal Cancer: an up-to date

Abstract: Colorectal cancer still remains the third cause of cancer death among cancer patients. Early diagnosis is crucial and they can be either endoscopic or with blood biomarkers. Endoscopic methods consist of gastroscopy and colonoscopy, however; in recent years, endoscopic ultrasound is being used. The microenvironment is very important for the successful delivery of the treatment. Several proteins and hormones play a crucial role in the efficiency of the treatment. In the current mini review we will focus on inte… Show more

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Cited by 27 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…For immune cells, IFNγ signaling activates antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) to upregulate the expressions of cytokines (IL‐12 and IL‐18) and costimulatory molecule CD86 that enhance Th1 differentiation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function . Furthermore, those APCs activated by IFNγ increase the expression of MHC molecules and components of the antigen‐processing machinery.…”
Section: The Role Of Ifnγ In Immune Eliminationmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…For immune cells, IFNγ signaling activates antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) to upregulate the expressions of cytokines (IL‐12 and IL‐18) and costimulatory molecule CD86 that enhance Th1 differentiation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function . Furthermore, those APCs activated by IFNγ increase the expression of MHC molecules and components of the antigen‐processing machinery.…”
Section: The Role Of Ifnγ In Immune Eliminationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For immune cells, IFNγ signaling activates antigenpresenting cells (APCs) to upregulate the expressions of cytokines (IL-12 and IL-18) and costimulatory molecule CD86 that enhance Th1 differentiation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function. [26][27][28] Furthermore, those APCs activated by IFNγ increase the expression of MHC molecules and components of the antigen-processing machinery. In addition, IFNγ induces a number of signals in T cells to enable T cell function effectively, while the loss of IFNγ signaling pathways in T cells dampens T cell responses and allows tumor growth and persistence.…”
Section: Immune Eliminationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is a cytokine produced by natural killer cells, natural killer T cells, antigen-specific CD4 Th1 and CD8 cytotoxic effector lymphocytes, non-cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells, and mucosal epithelial cells. IFN-γ induces class I and II major histocompatibility complex expression on antigen-presenting cells, promotes natural killer activity, increases antigen presentation and lysosome activity of macrophages, activates inducible nitric oxide synthase, induces production of IgG by plasma cells, promotes adhesion required for leukocyte migration, and has direct antiviral effect (by induction of tripartite motif-containing protein 5 and apolipoprotein B-mRNA editing enzyme, among others) [69]. IFN-γ levels correlate with good prognosis of patients with different types of cancer [69,70].…”
Section: Interferon Gamma (Ifn-γ)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…IFN-γ induces class I and II major histocompatibility complex expression on antigen-presenting cells, promotes natural killer activity, increases antigen presentation and lysosome activity of macrophages, activates inducible nitric oxide synthase, induces production of IgG by plasma cells, promotes adhesion required for leukocyte migration, and has direct antiviral effect (by induction of tripartite motif-containing protein 5 and apolipoprotein B-mRNA editing enzyme, among others) [69]. IFN-γ levels correlate with good prognosis of patients with different types of cancer [69,70]. IFN-γ levels can be measured in the tumor tissue or tumor tissue supernatant with the following techniques: flow cytometry, ELISA, and RT-PCR.…”
Section: Interferon Gamma (Ifn-γ)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…IFN-γ having been clinically used to treat various malignant tumors is a cytokine related to cytostatic/cytotoxic and antitumor when the immune response is adaptive to a cell [15]. Moreover, it is the main activator of macrophages [8]. The macrophage is a type of phagocytes that function to detect and destroy pathogens (microorganisms or viruses) and apoptotic cells [10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%