Intergranular fracture in 13 wt% chromium martensitic stainless steel

The effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of AISI420 martensitic stainless steel

“…The impact strength (Fig. 6(b)) decreased when tempering temperature increased from 200 to 500 • C so that the least impact strength observed at 500 • C. The highest impact energy at 200 • C could be attributed to the presence of retained austenite within the lath martensite absorbing fracture energy [12], and also to the lowest amount of carbide volume fraction and some detrimental elements such as phosphorous in the grain boundaries [1]. Therefore reduction of impact energy with increasing tempering temperature to 500 • C, could have been resulted from reducing the retained austenite volume fraction, increasing carbide particle and also reprecipitation of phosphorous at grain boundaries [1].…”

“…3 Reduction of phosphorous in the grain boundaries. Among the various impurity atoms (tin, phosphorous, manganese, silicon) phosphorous has been found to be particularly detrimental to impact energy in 13% chromium martensitic stainless steel [1]. This detrimental impurity can be solved in the matrix, with increasing austenitizing temperature.…”

“…Unlike other stainless steels, their properties could be changed by heat treatment; hence these steels usually are used for a wide range of applications like steam generators, pressure vessels, mixer blades, cutting tools and offshore platforms for oil extraction [1][2][3]. In the annealed condition (as received), MSSs have a microstructure containing spheroidized carbides in a ferritic matrix [4].…”

Influence of carbides on the high-temperature tempered martensite embrittlement of martensitic heat-resistant steels

“…Brittle failure of turbine blades is one of the most common causes of the failure in ultra-supercritical power plants [5]. Consequently, there is a strong demand for improved fracture toughness in martensitic heat-resistant steels.…”

The interaction of corrosion fatigue and stress-corrosion cracking in a precipitation-hardened martensitic stainless steel

“…7,8 Despite these attributes, high-strength steels are highly susceptible to environmental cracking in aqueous chloride environments. Specifically, researchers have demonstrated aqueous chloride environments can: induce localized corrosion damage [9][10][11][12] causing a severe reduction in overall fatigue life, 10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] accelerate fatigue crack-growth rates, 13,16,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and enhance susceptibility to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC). 21,28 Enhancement of the environmental cracking kinetics is widely attributed to hydrogen embrittlement (HE).…”