Interleukin-19 enhances cytokine production induced by lipopolysaccharide and inhibits cytokine production induced by polyI:C in BALB/c mice

Abstract

Interleukin (IL)-19 is a cytokine of the IL-10 family. There are many reports on the involvement of IL-19 in several human diseases. There also are many reports elucidating the role of IL-19 using mouse disease models. Most reports use C57BL/6 mice, whereas few reports use BALB/c mice, in terms of the mouse disease model that the researchers used in the present study. To date, research on the role of IL-19 is diversified, yet some basic mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS), polyI:C, and CpG to BALB/c mice, measured more than 20 cytokines in the blood and compared them with that of the wild-type and IL-19deficient (IL-19 KO) mice. LPS is associated with bacterial infection, polyI:C is associated with viral infection, and CpG is associated with both bacterial and viral infections. Among the cytokines measured, the results of experiments using LPS revealed that the production of some cytokines was suppressed in IL-19 KO mice. Interestingly, the experiments using polyI:C revealed that production of some cytokines was enhanced in IL-19 KO mice. However, the experiments using CpG have shown that the production of only one cytokine was enhanced in IL-19 KO mice. These results revealed that cytokine production in the blood was regulated by IL-19, and the type of regulation was dependent on the administered stimulant.

B cell–activating factor modulates the factor VIII immune response in hemophilia A

“…To avoid strain-specific results and limit the potential bias in the assessment of the immune responses, we used distinct HA strains on a C57Bl/6-129 background (colony at CHOP) or BALB/c background (colony at Indiana University). The HA phenotype is similar between these strains but immune responses to pathogens, proteins, and gene therapy is known to differ (58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63). Further, we used two distinct murine (m) BAFF mAbs: 1) clone 10F4 which is a hamster IgG1 mAb with a half-life of ~2 weeks 64) and 2clone Sandy-2 which is a mouse IgG1 mAb with a half-life of ~10 days (65).…”

Interleukin-19 promotes bone resorption by suppressing osteoprotegerin expression in BMSCs in a lipopolysaccharide-induced bone loss mouse model

“… 39 Previous research has shown that some cytokines, such as chemokine (C-C matrix) ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, CCL4, TNF-α, and IL-12p70, were significantly decreased in LPS-treated BALB/c IL-19 -/ - , suggesting that IL-19 may enhance the LPS response in BALB/c mice. 40 However, there are currently no results of similar experiments using C57BL/6 mice. 40 We used LPS to treat IL-19 -/- and WT C57BL/6 mice in this experiment, which led to increased BV/TV and Tb.N, and decreased Tb.Sp.…”

“… 40 However, there are currently no results of similar experiments using C57BL/6 mice. 40 We used LPS to treat IL-19 -/- and WT C57BL/6 mice in this experiment, which led to increased BV/TV and Tb.N, and decreased Tb.Sp. 36 …”

“…40 However, there are currently no results of similar experiments using C57BL/6 mice. 40 We used LPS to treat IL-19 -/and WT C57BL/6 mice in this experiment, which led to increased BV/TV and Tb.N, and decreased Tb.Sp. 36 Moreover, global IL-19 deletion had no effect on bone formation, but suppressed osteoclastogenesis in the LPStreated mice group.…”