Interleukin-6 promoter polymorphism and cardiovascular risk factors: The Health 2000 Survey

Riikola, Antti; Sipilä, Kalle; Kähönen, Mika; Jula, Antti; Nieminen, Markku S.; Moilanen, Leena; Kesäniemi, Y. Antero; Lehtimäki, Terho; Hulkkonen, Janne

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.06.004

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This finding agreed with other cross-sectional studies that showed a significant association between the C allele and higher measures of adiposity [14][15][16]. Moreover, a recent study, found an association between the CC genotype and BMI in a 1334 subject cohort [42]. Two cross-sectional joint analyses reported no association between the C allele and BMI [12,13].…”

Section: S78supporting

confidence: 73%

“…As stated earlier, there is a strong relationship between a chronic low inflammatory state and excess body weight. In this sense, it is possible that the association between the -174C allele of IL6 gene and higher plasma levels of inflammatory markers such as IL6 and C-reactive protein [15,42,43] might be involved in low-grade inflammation related to adiposity. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effect of VOO is well-documented [44] since it is able to decrease IL6 and C-reactive protein levels [33,45].…”

Section: S78mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil may reverse the effects of the ‐174G/C IL6 gene variant on 3‐year body weight change

Razquín

Martínéz

Martínez‐González

et al. 2010

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Only a few studies have analyzed the effects of the potential interaction between the -174G/C polymorphism of IL6 gene and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) on adiposity indexes. Our aim was to investigate the interplay between the -174G/C polymorphism of the IL6 gene and a Mediterranean-style diet on body weight changes after 3 years of nutritional intervention in a high cardiovascular risk population. A total of 737 participants, aged 55-80 years were assigned to a low-fat diet or to a Mediterranean-style diet group with high intake of virgin olive oil (VOO) or nuts. Anthropometric measurements were taken at baseline and after 3-year follow-up. The -174G/C polymorphism of the IL6 gene was genotyped. Minor allele frequency (C) was 0.39. At baseline, the CC genotype was associated with higher measures of adiposity. After 3 years, a significant interaction (p=0.028) was found between the polymorphism (GG+GC versus CC) and the nutritional intervention: CC subjects following the MD+VOO had the lowest body weight gain. In conclusion, at baseline, CC subjects for the -174G/C polymorphism of IL6 had the highest body weight and BMI. However, after 3 years of nutritional intervention with MD+VOO, these subjects were predicted to have the greatest reduction in body weight.

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Section: S78supporting

confidence: 73%

Section: S78mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil may reverse the effects of the ‐174G/C IL6 gene variant on 3‐year body weight change

Razquín

Martínéz

Martínez‐González

et al. 2010

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…16,19,59 IL-6 in circulation originates from a diversity of cell types and tissues, such as adipose tissue and immune cells, and there are also considerable irregular variations of circulating IL-6 dependent on the presence of immune challenge, age and BMI of subjects, as well as physiological and psychosocial stress, various metabolic factors and circadian rhythm. 56,58 With regard to BW regulation, tissue-specific expression may be more important, and thus, measurement of circulating IL-6 level may not reflect biological significance at tissue level. 59,60 According to previous papers, 16,19,59 in our study, no association between À174G4C IL-6 polymorphism and IL-6 plasma levels at baseline was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition changes after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: what is the role of −174G>C interleukin-6 promoter gene polymorphism in the therapeutic strategy?

et al. 2011

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Background: There is growing evidence that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is linked to the regulation of fat mass (FM). Our previous data define the common À174G4C IL-6 polymorphism as a marker for 'vulnerable' individuals at risk of age-and obesity-related diseases. An association between À174G4C IL-6 polymorphism and weight loss after bariatric surgery has been demonstrated. Objective: We investigated the impact of À174G4C IL-6 polymorphism on weight loss, body composition, fluid distribution and cardiometabolic changes in obese subjects, after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) surgery. Design and Outcome measures: A total of 40 obese subjects were studied at baseline and at 6 months follow-up after LAGB surgery. Cardiometabolic and genetic assessment of À174G4C IL-6 polymorphism, anthropometric, body composition and fluid distribution analysis were performed. Results: After LAGB surgery, significant reductions in weight (D% ¼ À11.66±7.78, Po0.001), body mass index (Po0.001), total and trunk FM (kg, %) (D% of total FM ¼ À22.22 ± 12.15, Po0.01), bone mineral density (T-score) (Po0.001), resting metabolic rate (RMR) (Po0.01), and total body water and intracellular water (TBW, ICW) (Po0.05) were observed. At baseline, C(À) carriers of IL-6 polymorphism had a significantly higher RMR (Po0.05), free FM (kg), but less total and trunk FM (%), higher body cell mass (BCM), content of TBW (L) and ECW (extracellular water)/ICW ratio compared with C( þ ) carriers (Po0.001). After LAGB, C( þ ) carriers had a significantly stronger reduction of total FM (kg), but lower bone density, compared with C(À) carriers (Po0.05). Conclusions: Beyond the relationship between À174G4C IL-6 polymorphism and body composition, this study provides first evidence about the association of IL-6 variant with fluid distribution, at baseline, and FM and bone density loss in obese subjects at 6 months follow-up after LAGB surgery. LAGB was less effective if the subjects were carrying risk genotypes, C(À) carriers, for obesity, suggesting a role of genetic variations on bariatric surgery outcomes.

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“…Thus, in patient groups at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, genetic testing for an IL-6 polymorphism might be warranted. Of note, the −174G/C polymorphism showed no significance for atherosclerosis risk factors in women [14], suggesting again a possible gender difference.…”

Section: Cytokines and Cardiac Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and cardiac outcome

Hohensinner

Niessner

Huber

et al. 2011

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of Review Inflammation is a key component in cardiovascular disease. Controlling inflammatory events and their subsequent processes hold the potential for novel therapeutic options. Cytokines are the propagators of inflammation. In this review we will discuss important cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-alpha, MCP-1, M-CSF and GDF-15 and their effect on cardiac outcome. Recent findings IL-6 is a useful biomarker in patients with coronary artery disease. Summary

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Interleukin-6 promoter polymorphism and cardiovascular risk factors: The Health 2000 Survey

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

A Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil may reverse the effects of the ‐174G/C IL6 gene variant on 3‐year body weight change

A Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil may reverse the effects of the ‐174G/C IL6 gene variant on 3‐year body weight change

Body composition changes after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: what is the role of −174G>C interleukin-6 promoter gene polymorphism in the therapeutic strategy?

Inflammation and cardiac outcome

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