Background
Chronic renal diseases (CRD) are associated with ~5% of pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE) cases, but the epidemiology of VTE in CRD is ill-defined.
Methods
Children (<18 years) with CRD were identified from MarketScan®. VTE diagnosis during 6 months after the first CRD diagnosis was ascertained. Demographics, healthcare utilization, mortality and co-morbid conditions were assessed.
Results
22,877 children with predefined CRD ICD-9-CM codes were identified between April 1, 2003 and June 30, 2012, 0.55% of these children had VTE. In-hospital mortality was more likely in children with VTE compared to those without VTE (11.9% vs. 0.9%; p<0.0001). Healthcare utilization was also significantly higher with VTE (p<0.0001 for: number of inpatient admissions, length of stay, outpatient visits and pharmaceutical claims), and total mean healthcare expenditures for the 6 month follow-up period were 13 times greater in the VTE group ($338,338 (±$544,045) vs. $25,171 (±$90,792); p<0.0001). In a multivariate model infection, hemodialysis and trauma/surgery significantly increased the likelihood of VTE.
Conclusions
VTE is rare in children with CRD, but is associated with higher mortality and healthcare utilization when present. Among children with CRD, the likelihood of VTE was increased among those with co-morbid, non-renal chronic conditions.