Intermittent Fasting Improves Lipid Metabolism Through Changes in Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Deng, Yajuan; Liu, Wanjun; Wang, Jianqing; Yu, Jun; Yang, Liqi

doi:10.12659/msm.926789

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Three studies have been conducted on diet-induced obese mouse model. Dengy Y, et al indicated that 24-h fasting for 30 days increased the bacterial diversity in the intestinal flora, enriched the relative abundance of Allobaculum , and decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes which led to lowering fat accumulation and increasing white fat conversion to beige [ 28 ]. In contrast, Li G, et al showed that every other day fasting regimen in diet-induced obese mouse increased the operational taxonomic unit abundance of Firmicutes, but decreased the most other phyla including Bacteriodetes and Actinobacteria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota modulation as a possible mediating mechanism for fasting-induced alleviation of metabolic complications: a systematic review

et al. 2021

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Background Intermittent fasting has been reported to have positive effects on obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and several neurodegenerative diseases through different mechanisms such as alteration in the gut microbiota. This systematic review was conducted with the aim of providing an overview of the existing animal and human literature regarding the gut microbiota alterations in various fasting regimens. Method A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases up to May 2021 to find all relevant studies examining the gut microbiota alteration during the fasting. Original researches on animal models or human patients were included in this study. Results The search fulfilled 3072 documents from which 31 studies (20 animal and 11 human studies) were included. Upon fasting, abundance of several beneficial bacteria including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium shifted significantly. Moreover, some taxa, including Odoribacter which negatively associated with blood pressure bloomed during fasting. Ramadan fasting, as a kind of intermittent fasting, improves health parameters through positive changes in gut microbiota including upregulation of A. muciniphila, B. fragilis, Bacteroides and butyric acid–producing Lachnospiraceae. Conclusion The findings suggest that different fasting regimens including alternate-day fasting, calorie- and time-restricted fasting programs and Ramadan fasting could promote health maybe through the modulation of gut microbiome. However, further studies are needed to explore properly the connection between gut microbiota and meal frequency and timing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota modulation as a possible mediating mechanism for fasting-induced alleviation of metabolic complications: a systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…On the other hand, some studies have shown that IF cause weight loss, reduce lipid peroxidation, and hepatic steatosis on obese mice through changes in microbial profile. Also, it has been reported in this study that IF led to a significant increase in the intestinal flora community diversity [Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B ratio) and relative increase in the Allobaculum abundance] ( 23 ). Increasing the abundance of Firmicutes following fasting diets can increase the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of Ramadan and Non-ramadan Intermittent Fasting on Gut Microbiome

et al. 2022

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BackgroundIn recent years, intermittent fasting (IF) has gained popularity in the health and wellness in the world. There are numerous types of IF, all of which involve fasting periods that last longer than an overnight fast and involve limited meal time-windows, with or without calorie restriction. The objective of this review is to summarize the current evidence for the effects of Ramadan and non-Ramadan IF on gut microbiome.MethodsWe explored PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar according to the PRISMA criteria (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Animal and human studies were screened and reviewed separately by two researchers.ResultsTwenty-eight studies were selected after screening. Some of the studies were performed on animal models and some on humans. The results of these studies indicate a significant shift in the gut microbiota, especially an increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria following fasting diets. The results of some studies also showed an increase in the bacterial diversity, decrease inflammation and increased production of some metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in individuals or samples under fasting diets. Moreover, Ramadan fasting, as a kind of IF, improves health parameters through positive effects on some bacterial strains such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroide. However, some studies have reported adverse effects of fasting diets on the structure of the microbiome.ConclusionIn general, most studies have seen favorable results following adherence from the fasting diets on the intestinal microbiome. However, because more studies have been done on animal models, more human studies are needed to prove the results.

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“…ADF diet also led to enhanced energy expenditure by promoting beige adipogenesis, and ameliorated weight gain and other metabolic disorders 118 . In another study, Lactobacillus levels were reproducibly elevated upon ADF only in mice fed with normal chow, whereas the genus Allobaculum was identified as exclusively enriched in mice undergoing ADF and fed with high‐fat diets 121 . Interestingly, the Allobaculum genus is an active glucose metabolizer that produces butyrate and lactate 121,122 .…”

Section: Intermittent Fasting and Microbial Regulation In Cardiometab...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Time‐limited diets and the gut microbiota in cardiometabolic disease

Ratiner

Goldenberg

Elinav

2022

Journal of Diabetes

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In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF), including periodic fasting and time-restricted feeding (TRF), has been increasingly suggested to constitute a promising treatment for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). A deliberate daily pause in food consumption influences the gut microbiome and the host circadian clock, resulting in improved cardiometabolic health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which circadian host-microbiome interactions affect host metabolism and immunity may add a potentially important dimension to effective implementation of IF diets. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence potentially linking compositional and functional alterations of the gut microbiome with IF impacts on mammalian metabolism and risk of development of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and their longterm micro-and macrovascular complications. We highlight the challenges and unknowns in causally linking diurnal bacterial signals with dietary cues and downstream metabolic consequences and means of harnessing these signals toward future microbiome integration into precision medicine.cardiometabolic disease, circadian rhythms, gut microbiome, intermittent fasting, timerestricted feeding Highlights• Time-specific diet is a novel nutritional approach to prevent and treat cardiometabolic disease.• Feeding-fasting cycles shape gut microbial composition and metabolite production. These alterations may play a causative role in driving the cardiometabolic benefits of intermittent fasting.• Despite the impressive results in animals, human studies show contradicting results, possibly due to intraindividual variation involved in the hostmicrobiome response to diet.

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Intermittent Fasting Improves Lipid Metabolism Through Changes in Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Gut microbiota modulation as a possible mediating mechanism for fasting-induced alleviation of metabolic complications: a systematic review

Gut microbiota modulation as a possible mediating mechanism for fasting-induced alleviation of metabolic complications: a systematic review

Effects of Ramadan and Non-ramadan Intermittent Fasting on Gut Microbiome

Time‐limited diets and the gut microbiota in cardiometabolic disease

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