Intermittent fasting: is there a role in the treatment of diabetes? A review of the literature and guide for primary care physicians

Albosta, Michael; Bakke, Jesse

doi:10.1186/s40842-020-00116-1

Cited by 72 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…TR feeding is largely centered on the prolonged daily fasting period (14–16 h), which gives the body a chance to repair oxidative damage, leading to metabolic adaptations that sustain weight loss [ 55 , 56 ]. Fasting leads to decreased insulin production and reduced levels of insulin in the circulation [ 57 , 58 , 59 ] and also increases fatty acid utilization [ 60 ]. Fasting also forces a shift in metabolic pathway usage from a glucose-driven oxidative phosphorylation to ketone- and fatty acid-dependent metabolism [ 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation between Corneal and Cardiometabolic Changes in Response to a Time-Restricted Feeding of a High Fat Diet

et al. 2021

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Mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) ab libitum show corneal dysregulation, as evidenced by decreased sensitivity and impaired wound healing. Time-restricted (TR) feeding can effectively mitigate the cardiometabolic effects of an HFD. To determine if TR feeding attenuates HFD-induced corneal dysregulation, this study evaluated 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice fed an ad libitum normal diet (ND), an ad libitum HFD, or a time-restricted (TR) HFD for 10 days. Corneal sensitivity was measured using a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer. A corneal epithelial abrasion wound was created, and wound closure was monitored for 30 h. Neutrophil and platelet recruitment were assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy. TR HFD fed mice gained less weight (p < 0.0001), had less visceral fat (p = 0.015), and had reduced numbers of adipose tissue macrophages and T cells (p < 0.05) compared to ad libitum HFD fed mice. Corneal sensitivity was reduced in ad libitum HFD and TR HFD fed mice compared to ad libitum ND fed mice (p < 0.0001). Following epithelial abrasion, corneal wound closure was delayed (~6 h), and neutrophil and platelet recruitment was dysregulated similarly in ad libitum and TR HFD fed mice. TR HFD feeding appears to mitigate adipose tissue inflammation and adiposity, while the cornea remains sensitive to the pathologic effects of HFD feeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation between Corneal and Cardiometabolic Changes in Response to a Time-Restricted Feeding of a High Fat Diet

et al. 2021

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“…For instance, drugs all work by either increasing the endogenous production of insulin or increasing the amount of exogenous insulin received. While this works to reduce hyperglycemia in these patients, the concept of treating an insulin resistance disease by increasing insulin levels may be counterproductive, as it may later necessitate an increase in the dosage of medication over a long period of time (for review, please see: [ 13 ]). It appears that it is essential to find effective therapeutic solutions to treat obesity and diabetes and to reduce the spread of this pandemic of the 21st century.…”

Section: Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus: Epidemiology And Physiopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Early Time-Restricted Feeding on Metabolic Diseases: Importance of Aligning Food Habits with the Circadian Clock

et al. 2021

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The importance of metabolic health is a major societal concern due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and various cardiovascular diseases. The circadian clock is clearly implicated in the development of these metabolic diseases. Indeed, it regulates physiological processes by hormone modulation, thus helping the body to perform them at the ideal time of day. Since the industrial revolution, the actions and rhythms of everyday life have been modified and are characterized by changes in sleep pattern, work schedules, and eating habits. These modifications have in turn lead to night shift, social jetlag, late-night eating, and meal skipping, a group of customs that causes circadian rhythm disruption and leads to an increase in metabolic risks. Intermittent fasting, especially the time-restricted eating, proposes a solution: restraining the feeding window from 6 to 10 h per day to match it with the circadian clock. This approach seems to improve metabolic health markers and could be a therapeutic solution to fight against metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the importance of matching life habits with circadian rhythms for metabolic health and assesses the advantages and limits of the application of time-restricted fasting with the objective of treating and preventing metabolic diseases.

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“…1 8 9 Exploring the mechanism behind IF TRE practices are increasing in popularity in the general population, with recent evidence supporting their use for diabetes and weight management in clinical populations under medical guidance. 3 These regimes have been shown to be well-tolerated, and lead to an average of 20% unintentional reduction in caloric intake. 10 It has been suggested that TRE may have additional benefits beyond calorie restriction, with several studies showing that these dietary patterns can improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic markers such as systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, fat mass and triglycerides, even in eucaloric conditions.…”

Section: Key Messagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emerging evidence shows IF has short and long-term benefits for health and exercise performance that go beyond facilitating weight-loss. [1][2][3][4] Despite its widespread use, there remains inconclusive evidence on how best to use IF for health and well-being. We discuss the emerging evidence related to IF and the potential for its use in personalised medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent fasting: eating by the clock for health and exercise performance

Mandal

Simmons

Awan

et al. 2022

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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Intermittent fasting (IF) is an increasingly popular dietary practice, and its implementation is found throughout human civilisation in various cultural, spiritual and religious traditions. Emerging evidence has shown that the health benefits of IF stretch beyond calorie restriction and weight loss. These benefits include metabolic shifts in energy production, the optimisation of peripheral circadian clocks, and overall improvement in physiological markers of metabolic health. IF has been proposed to reduce systemic inflammation and have a role in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. For the athlete, IF protocols offer a potential new frontier for maintaining performance in the fasted state. They may allow athletes to optimise training adaptions, while respecting individual cultural, religious, and/or spiritual preferences to fast and exercise. Below, we discuss the physiological impact of fasted exercise while highlighting areas for future work to improve our understanding and implementation of the practice for the benefit of both the active general community and sporting populations.

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Intermittent fasting: is there a role in the treatment of diabetes? A review of the literature and guide for primary care physicians

Cited by 72 publications

References 36 publications

Dissociation between Corneal and Cardiometabolic Changes in Response to a Time-Restricted Feeding of a High Fat Diet

Dissociation between Corneal and Cardiometabolic Changes in Response to a Time-Restricted Feeding of a High Fat Diet

Beneficial Effects of Early Time-Restricted Feeding on Metabolic Diseases: Importance of Aligning Food Habits with the Circadian Clock

Intermittent fasting: eating by the clock for health and exercise performance

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