Intermittent Theta Burst Over M1 May Increase Peak Power of a Wingate Anaerobic Test and Prevent the Reduction of Voluntary Activation Measured with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Giboin, Louis-Solal; Thumm, Patrick; Bertschinger, Raphael; Grüber, Markus

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00150

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In a previous study, after a fatiguing task, we also observed an attenuated reduction in VA TMS , probably induced by brain stimulation, but not an attenuated reduction in Ptw. Similarly to the present study, the attenuation in VA TMS reduction was not accompanied by an immediate effect on MVC [ 28 ]. Thus, in the present experimental context, the main limiting factors of performance following the time-trial seem to have more peripheral than central origin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Active recovery affects the recovery of the corticospinal system but not of muscle contractile properties

et al. 2018

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PurposeActive recovery is often used by athletes after strenuous exercise or competition but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We hypothesized that active recovery speeds-up recovery processes within the muscle and the central nervous system (CNS).MethodsWe assessed muscular and CNS recovery by measuring the voluntary activation (VA) in the vastus lateralis muscle with transcranial magnetic stimulation (VATMS) and peripheral nerve stimulation (VAPNS) during maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of the knee extensors in 11 subjects. Measurements were performed before and after a fatiguing cycling time-trial, after an active and a passive recovery treatment and after another fatiguing task (1 min MVC). The measurements were performed a second time 24 h after the time-trial.ResultsWe observed a time × group interaction effect for VATMS (p = 0.013). Post-hoc corrected T-tests demonstrated an increased VATMS after active recovery when measured after the 1 min MVC performed 24 h after the time-trial (mean ± SD; 95.2 ± 4.1% vs. 89.2 ± 6.6%, p = 0.026). No significant effects were observed for all other variables.ConclusionsActive recovery increased aspects of central, rather than muscle recovery. However, no effect on MVC was seen, implying that even if active recovery speeds up CNS recovery, without affecting the recovery of muscle contractile properties, this doesn´t translate into increases in overall performance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Active recovery affects the recovery of the corticospinal system but not of muscle contractile properties

et al. 2018

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“…Since MEP amplitudes were not normally distributed, non-parametric tests were used to compare them. We used Mann–Whitney U -tests with Bonferroni correction to directly compare MEP amplitudes at each time point among protocols, based on the assumption that iTBS increases these amplitudes ( Chung et al, 2016 ; Giboin et al, 2016 ). In addition, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between RI at Post0 and the pre-PES of the MEP amplitude.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocol that uses a short stimulation period (190 s). iTBS alters motor cortex excitability comparably to other rTMS and tDCS protocols that involve longer stimulation (10 or 20 min) ( Huang et al, 2005 ; Jeffery et al, 2007 ; McAllister et al, 2009 ; Goldsworthy et al, 2012 ; Tatemoto et al, 2013 ), and is also capable of enhancing motor cortical excitability evoked by stimulation of the cortical lower limb area ( Jeffery et al, 2007 ; Tatemoto et al, 2013 ; Giboin et al, 2016 ). These observations suggest that iTBS might be usable to modify PES-induced plasticity, and furthermore the brief stimulation used in this protocol makes it more suitable than other protocols for examining the influences of the timing and magnitude of motor cortical excitability changes on the spinal plasticity induced by PES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Priming With Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Promotes Spinal Plasticity Induced by Peripheral Patterned Electrical Stimulation

et al. 2018

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This study explored the effect of corticospinal activity on spinal plasticity by examining the interactions between intermittent theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (iTBS) of the motor cortex and peripheral patterned electrical stimulation (PES) of the common peroneal nerve (CPN). Healthy volunteers (n = 10) received iTBS to the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle zone of the motor cortex and PES of the CPN in three separate sessions: (1) iTBS-before-PES, (2) iTBS-after-PES, and (3) sham iTBS-before-PES. The PES protocol used 10 100-Hz pulses every 2 s for 20 min. Reciprocal inhibition (RI) from the TA to soleus muscle and motor cortical excitability of the TA and soleus muscles were assessed at baseline, before PES, and 0, 15, 30, and 45 min after PES. When compared to the other protocols, iTBS-before-PES significantly increased changes in disynaptic RI for 15 min and altered long-loop presynaptic inhibition immediately after PES. Moreover, the iTBS-induced cortical excitability changes in the TA before PES were correlated with the enhancement of disynaptic RI immediately after PES. These results demonstrate that spinal plasticity can be modified by altering cortical excitability. This study provides insight into the interactions between modulation of corticospinal excitability and spinal RI, which may help in developing new rehabilitation strategies.

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“…Since the movement was not resisted and the mass of the index finger is small (the goniometer is also very light), we have discussed our results as stemming from an unresisted movement, but it is true that the resistance for the extensors and the flexors in our task is not exactly the same. This is important since repetitive movements against higher levels of resistance might present different evolution of muscle excitability and processes related to muscle force production 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics of muscle, spinal and cortical excitability and their association with kinematics during three minutes of maximal-rate finger tapping

Madinabeitia-Mancebo

Madrid

Jácome

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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We tested peripheral, spinal and cortical excitability during 3 minutes of unresisted finger tapping at the maximal possible rate, which induced fatigue. Subsequently, we studied the temporal dynamics of muscle fatigue, expressed in the tapping movement profile, and its relationship to neural systems using mixed model analyses. The tapping rate decreased by 40% over the duration of the task. The change in the amplitude of the range of motion was not significant. The excitability of the flexor and extensor muscles of the index finger was tested via evoked potentials obtained with various types of stimulation at various levels of the motor system. the change in spinal excitability with time was evaluated considering the simultaneous changes in muscle excitability; we also considered how spinal excitability changed over time to evaluate cortical excitability. Excitability in the flexor and extensor muscles at the different levels tested changed significantly, but similar excitability levels were observed at notably different tapping rates. Our results showed that only 33% of the decrease in the tapping rate was explained by changes in the excitability of the structures tested in the present work.Determining the central mechanisms involved in muscle fatigue is important from a physiological perspective and can also have relevant implications from an applied perspective when we refer to sports, ergonomics or certain pathological conditions. These mechanisms have been studied thoroughly in the case of isometric muscle contractions; they include changes in excitability both at the spinal cord and M1 networks 1-8 .Another type of muscle activity corresponding to the contractions performed during rhythmic repetitive movements (RRMs) is essential in daily living and may result in fatigue. Traditionally, their central expressions of fatigue have been studied at the point at which an activity has been completed 9,10 , which is a limitation because the CNS recovers very quickly when the activity ends 11,12 . Several works recently tested fatigue at the central level immediately following the end of unresisted RRMs without allowing time for CNS recovery 5,13,14 . The reduction in the maximal movement rate was greater after 30 s of finger tapping (ft) than that after 10 s, and the reduction was accompanied by an increase in the excitability of M1 GABA b interneurons, which was more pronounced after 30 s of performing the task 5,13 . Interestingly, spinal excitability, which was tested by measuring cervicomedullary evoked potentials (CMEPs), increased during the waning of the tapping rate 14 , which is essentially different from the outcome when fatigue is caused by isometric exercise performed for the same duration and executed with the same body segment 14 .However, the description of how corticomuscular excitability changes with RRM fatigue development has not been performed, as previously done for isometric activities [15][16][17] . Another un-resolved point is whether the

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Intermittent Theta Burst Over M1 May Increase Peak Power of a Wingate Anaerobic Test and Prevent the Reduction of Voluntary Activation Measured with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Active recovery affects the recovery of the corticospinal system but not of muscle contractile properties

Active recovery affects the recovery of the corticospinal system but not of muscle contractile properties

Priming With Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Promotes Spinal Plasticity Induced by Peripheral Patterned Electrical Stimulation

Temporal dynamics of muscle, spinal and cortical excitability and their association with kinematics during three minutes of maximal-rate finger tapping

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