Intermolecular Couplization and Cyclization of Chalcones Promoted by Samarium in DMF

Visible-Light-Driven Reductive (Cyclo)Dimerization of Chalcones over Heterogeneous Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst

“…Alternatively, reductive cyclodimerization of chalcones, readily available from the corresponding aldehydes and ketones, offers a route to polysubstituted cyclopentanes just in one step. − This reaction typically requires transition metal salts taken in equimolar ratio with respect to the substrate and allows for homocoupling of chalcones only. Earlier Xia and Zhao reported that homocoupling of chalcones can be also achieved by combining homogeneous Ru­(bpy) 3 (PF 6 ) 2 photocatalyst in the presence of Sm­(OTf) 2 …”

Novel synthesis of pinacols and sulfones promoted by SmNiCl2 bimetallic system

“…Jia reported that samarium promoted acylation of primary, secondary, allyl and benzyl alcohols with acid chlorides to give esters,53 that samarium promoted C‐acetylation of Baylis–Hillman adducts in the presence of FeCl 3 and iodine54 and that samarium‐promoted reduction of nitroarenes with arylaldehydes formed C,N‐diarylnitrones 55. Zhang reported samarium‐promoted coupling‐cyclization of chalcones 56. In this work, we developed a novel SmNiCl 2 bimetallic system to promote reductive coupling of aryl aldehydes/aryl ketone into pinacols and to promote coupling reaction of aryl sulfonyl chlorides and active halides into sulfones.…”

Reactivity Insight into Reductive Coupling and Aldol Cyclization of Chalcones by Visible Light Photocatalysis

“…Among them, reductive dimerization of chalcones is an available approach for establishing C–C bonds by means of a single-electron-transfer process. In general, the initial step is the single-electron reduction of enone to the corresponding radical anion, which is achieved by electrochemical reduction or a single-electron-transfer reagent such as n Bu 3 SnH, SmI 2 , Yb, Sm, Zn, etc. In such cases, however, specialized equipment or strong stoichiometric reductant is generally required.…”