Intermolecular Forces and Mechanical Behavior of High Polymers

Mark, Howard

doi:10.1021/ie50395a021

Cited by 63 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…As strain rate increases, the stress equilibration time for each dynamic test reduces and the impulse delivered samples smaller and smaller regions [75]. This behaviour ensures that determination of strength occurs at three scales; structural response probed at the macroscale, component response probed at the mesoscale and within the constituent components at the microscale in these tests.…”

Section: The Limits Of Yieldmentioning

confidence: 97%

On the Shock Response of Polymers to Extreme Loading

Bourne

2016

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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This paper reviews polymer response to shock and discusses how plastics behave differently depending on the strain rate applied. The author uses polyethylene, polytetrafluroethylene, polycarbonate and epoxy as example materials. It is suggested that there are two distinct regimes of polymer response corresponding to low and high shock pressures (weak and strong shock regimes) that must be considered separately. Above a high pressure threshold it is proposed that polymers homogenize to carbon-containing structures which behave similarly. Further, the yield stress of a polymer volume element asymptotes to the theoretical strength of the material as volume shrinks to zero. It is suggested that these two behaviours reflect the same physics and this feature is common to the condition identified earlier for crystalline materials.

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Section: The Limits Of Yieldmentioning

confidence: 97%

On the Shock Response of Polymers to Extreme Loading

Bourne

2016

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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“…/),(3 did not vary monotonically but ex-\ , , , , hibited a maximum at some definite composition, which behavior is in accord with our experience with copolymers. The last column in this table gives the intermolecular force per SA of chain length, as recently listed by Mark 24 for a typical series of high polymers. !.fJ on volume composition.…”

Section: Volume-temperature Relationships For Two-component Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Expansion and Second-Order Transition Effects in High Polymers: Part I. Experimental Results

Boyer

Spencer

1944

Journal of Applied Physics

151

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&~rimenta~ values oj second-order transition temperatures Tm and oj cubical ex-pans1o.n coefficients below and above this temperature are presented Jor several new matermls, notably saran. The thermal expansion behavior oj two-component systems oj incompatible materials (polystyrene plus polyolefins) has been studied. For relatively coarse dispersions (1000A), T m is 82°C, independent oj composition while the diffe~ence 4~ in cubical expansion coefficient above and below T .. is di~ectly pro-portIOnal to the volume Jraction oj polystyrene in the mixture. Unplasticned sarUn behaves similarly in that Tm is constant while 4~ decreases linearly with incroosing crystallinity. For molecular dispersions oj incompatible materials both T m and 4!J are Junctions oj composition. It is shown thatJor most high polymers T m increases ~ith increasing intermolecularjorce constants, while the product oj Tm and cubical coefficient oj expansion above Ton is roughly constant (0.1 to 0.2).

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“…Since in the case of the oxidation procedures the fraction obtained amounts to 90% of the weight of the wool [2), and 70% in the case of reductive procedures ( 12), it would seem that a re-assessment of theories of wool structure is required. From work on the relation of fiber strength to the molecular weight of the fundamental unit [23], it has been suggested that a minimum molecular weight of 10,000 is required to account for the strength of the wool fiber [22J. However, this estimate is derived from data -on open-chain 0 structures, and probably a higher value would be required for cyclic a structures.…”

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confidence: 99%