Internal Empathy, Cognitive Labeling, and Demonstrated Empathy

Abstract

An analysis of interpersonal skills training revealed that internal empathy exerted an indirect effect on socially demonstrated empathy through the intervening effects of labeling mood.

Toward the Measurement of Affective Sensitivity

“…No significant correlations were found between these measures. Also, no significant correlations were found between the Carkhuff scale and the AS Scale (results that differ from those reported by Jackson, 1986b). Although 2 correlations between the Barrett-Lennard scale and Form E-80 reached statistical significance, there were 18 correlations, thereby limiting the confidence in the actual significance of these findings.…”

“…In another study, he (Jackson, 1986a) reported that the scale significantly discriminated between peers chosen on a single, global dimension as highly likely to be of help to people and those not likely to be of help, thus replicating the findings reported for (Campbell et al, 1971). Using Form EA2, the version that immediately preceded Form D-80, Jackson (1986b) had 30 counseling students interview three actors who were carefully rehearsed to portray clients who were attempting to deny underlying anger. Tapes were rated by experienced clinicians on behavioral empathy.…”

“…There have also been studies in which the authors have examined the effects of training and self-awareness of performance on the scale. Of particular interest are a series of studies conducted by Jackson (1984Jackson ( , 1985Jackson ( , 1986aJackson ( , 1986b and Jackson and Ahrons (1984) at Purdue University. Jackson (1984) reported a test-retest reliability of r = .62 (n = 44) for Form E-80 over a 7-week period.…”

Reflection, Sense of Belonging, and Empathy in Medical Education—Introducing a “Novel” Model of Empathetic Development by Literature

“…39 In turn, there are suggestions that internal empathy, fosters or develops external empathy. 40,41 In accordance, Paloniemi et al 1 reported a positive correlation between empathy and self-reflection in a questionnaire study of dental and medical students. Thus, self-reflection is not just a valuable trait in and of itself.…”

“…However, the distinction between two concepts can be useful. Firstly, that of internal/intrapersonal/self-empathy, 40 , 41 which is to sense incoming emotion and to understand the feelings of others (the so-called emotional and cognitive dimensions of empathy). 42 Secondly, that of interpersonal/external/shown empathy, which is the ability to somehow act empathetically on the inducements of the emotional and cognitive dimensions (so-called behavioral empathy).…”