Internal jugular vein thrombosis following ovarian hyperstimulation

Abstract

Superovulation therapy with in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment may result in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and a hypercoaguable state. The site of thrombus formation is commonly in the upper venous extremities. One case of bilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis following ovarian hyperstimulation is described. The clinical presentation, investigations and management are discussed.

The ‘ART’ of thrombosis: a review of arterial and venous thrombosis in assisted reproductive technology

“…Twenty-four percent (23/96) of the women were 35 years or older at the time when ART was performed. Other identifiable risk factors (such as malignancy and use of central venous catheters) were reported in only three patients [36,59,63], all associated with venous thrombosis. For all but four patients (5%) [36,43,54,57], no thromboprophylaxis was administered during the treatment cycle; in 12 (13%) patients, at least low-dose thromboprophylaxis was given when OHSS developed and while the patients were hospitalized [23,37,[41][42][43]53,59,[79][80][81].…”

“…Other identifiable risk factors (such as malignancy and use of central venous catheters) were reported in only three patients [36,59,63], all associated with venous thrombosis. For all but four patients (5%) [36,43,54,57], no thromboprophylaxis was administered during the treatment cycle; in 12 (13%) patients, at least low-dose thromboprophylaxis was given when OHSS developed and while the patients were hospitalized [23,37,[41][42][43]53,59,[79][80][81]. In six patients [51,55,57,62,63,81] with venous thromboses and in one patient with arterial thrombosis [72], progression of thrombosis occurred despite administration of anticoagulation; the overall risk of progression is 7.5%.…”

Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis After in Vitro Fertilization

“…In the more severe forms, pleural effusions, ascites are detectable (11). The consequence of OHSS is a hypercoagulable state, which, as previously indicated, has a predilection for the internal jugular vein (1,12). It should be stated that the preference for this vein is also a feature of Protein C deficiency, which this disease may mimic (10).…”

“…PE is a potential complication of IJDVT, and the reported risk of symptomatic PE in this population is 4 -12% (1,11,12). The rate of thrombus extension despite appropriate treatment has been identified in 14% of the cases, and this number is comparable to the IJDVT in the general population (1,5).…”

Unilateral internal jugular venous thrombosis in a young trauma patient

“…3,17,23 Only one case has been reported to have arisen as a result of blunt trauma to the head and neck, 9 and one case has been reported as occurring spontaneously. 20 To our knowledge, this case report presents the first reported case of idiopathic, unilateral thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) in a trauma patient.…”