Internanotube friction

Abstract

Field induced displacement of carbon nanotubes is detected within a bundle and intertube friction is calculated via cohesive energy and electromagnetic formula. Tube-tube friction is found to be 1.4×10−4N which is five orders of magnitude greater than value obtained between adjacent layers within a nanotube.

Use of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes as Electric Field Sensors

“…Third, tubes continue to rotate and intertube cohesion begins to dominate by dipole-dipole interaction arising from enhanced lattice correlation (yellow/red, (e)-(f)). Calculation gives E p = 109493 kcal/mol at θ = 90 • and 105714 kcal/mol at θ = 0 • and reduction (90 • − 0 • = 3779 kcal/mol) is equivalent to 1.65 × 104 eV, comparable with reported data on parallel tubes [19]. Simulation also reveals that, if tubes are moreor-less aligned at initial stage, bundling is directly driven by intertube attraction.…”

“…Figure 10(c) shows two winding tubes and helical pitch approximates 3.23 nm (P 1 → P 2 , Figure 10(c)), corresponding to 5-7% increase in interface (insert, Figure 10(c)). Twisting however introduces σ into C-C networks and strain energy is calculated to be 73-80 kcal/mol, comparable with energy required for tube bending [19].…”

Winding of single-walled carbon nanotube ropes: An effective load transfer

“…For nanotube bundles, the F r approximates 1.4ϫ 10 −7 N m −2 ͑corresponding to 0.35 GPa͒ 13 and is 0.1 based on the graphite-graphite friction along 001 basal planes, 14 which yields N = 1.4ϫ 10 −3 N ͑3.5 GPa͒. The F r and N can be regarded as the tensile strength along the rope axis and intertube binding because tube-tube sliding ͑fric-tion͒ is determined by the magnitude of both; 13 in other words, rope winding would also enhance the F r and N. According to Figs. 3͑b͒ and 3͑c͒, the rope strength enhanced by twisting is sixfold, corresponding to F r = 0.35ϫ 6 = 1.5 GPa and N = 3.5ϫ 6 = 21 GPa; the former is in good agreement with the value seen at 70 turns ͓1.2 GPa, Fig.…”

Multiscale Experimental Mechanics of Hierarchical Carbon‐Based Materials

“…In addition to nanoscale experiments aimed at investigating the interactions between graphitic shells in MWNTs, macroscale experiments have also been devised and implemented to indirectly measure the shear interactions between MWNTs [63,64]. These experiments typically have a higher throughput than the nanoscale experiments presented earlier in this section, mainly due to the size of the sample (which facilitates its preparation) and the higher forces involved.…”