International experience of forensic support for crime investigation

Abstract

In the conditions of scientific and technical progress, updating of legislation and law enforcement practice, technical and forensic support for the investigation of criminal offenses in the activities of investigative and expert units acquires special importance, requiring the complexity of research, including, taking into account the experience of foreign countries, which thanks to innovations in the fight against crime is gradually moving away from traditional (conservative) methods and methods of detecting, collecting and fixing traces of criminal offenses, and the situation in which law enforcement agencies have been working for more than half a century is quite close to the one that has developed today in connection with the armed military aggression against Ukraine. The latest technologies in the investigation of criminal offenses were considered and the ways of implementation of the best foreign practices in the activity of investigative and expert units of Ukraine were proposed. Attention is drawn to the application of artificial intelligence as a systematized set of information technologies, aimed at performing sufficiently complex forensic tasks. The feasibility of using the method of Forensic intelligence in Ukraine as a means of obtaining orienting and evidentiary information, which consists in combining disparate pieces of information (forensic materials) during the investigation of multi-episode (serial) criminal offenses in order to obtain a complete picture of repeated acts, is scientifically argued and establishing connections between places of criminal offenses committed by the same criminal or group of persons based on VideoAnalytics. The work of the "The Next Step" program, which allows you to compare shoe prints from different places of the commission of a criminal offense based on external features based on the geolocation of the scene, is considered. The adoption of foreign experience in the part of involving a forensic expert in the inspection of the scene of the incident with the authorization to conduct such an investigative (search) action in individual cases without the presence of an investigator, and upon completion of which to draw up an inspection protocol or an expert opinion, with further referral to the authorized entity, is substantiated (investigator) in order to reduce the burden on pretrial investigation bodies of Ukraine

Forensic support for the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (drone) in a pre-trial investigation

“…Забезпечення швидкого, повного та неупередженого розслідування і судового розгляду кримінальних правопорушень неможливе без комплексного використання спеціальних знань у різноманітних формах. У зв'язку з приведенням кримінального процесуального законодавства України у відповідність з міжнародними стандартами та запровадження змагальної моделі судочинства, особливої актуальності набуває переосмислення теоретичних, правових і праксеологічних основ використання сторонами кримінального провадження спеціальних криміналістичних знань і техніко-криміналістичних засобів з метою отримання орієнтуючої та доказової інформації [1].…”