International Influences on Policymaking in China: Network Authoritarianism from Jiang Zemin to Hu Jintao

Duckett, Jane

doi:10.1017/s0305741018001212

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Under the influence of international organizations, the Party‐state seems to have promoted these social policy reforms because it was persuaded that they would both help develop the economy and prevent dissatisfaction and protest (Duckett, ). Measures included abolishing unpopular agricultural taxes (Wang, ), extending ‘new rural cooperative medical schemes’ (involving both household and government contributions) nationwide, and introducing ‘new rural social pensions’.…”

Section: China's Social Policy Reforms: the Segmented Extension Of Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 2007 to 2018, the share of total government spending on education rose from 14.4 per cent to 14.6 per cent, on social security and employment support from 10.9 per cent to 12.2 per cent, and on health from 4 per cent to 7.1 per cent. 9 Under the influence of international organizations, the Party-state seems to have promoted these social policy reforms because it was persuaded that they would both help develop the economy and prevent dissatisfaction and protest (Duckett, 2019). Measures included abolishing unpopular agricultural taxes (Wang, 2019), extending 'new rural cooperative medical schemes' (involving both household and government contributions) nationwide, and introducing 'new rural social pensions'.…”

Section: St Century Social Policy Reform: Expanding Both Urban and mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neoliberalism, Authoritarian Politics and Social Policy in China

Duckett¹

2020

Development and Change

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article explores the relationships among neoliberalism, social policy expansion and authoritarian politics in contemporary China. It argues that in the era of neoliberalism, rising new right and authoritarian governments, the Chinese Communist Party has sought to retain power by shifting politically to the right and promoting neoliberal‐looking economic policies. These policies have raised average living standards but also increased insecurity for most of the Chinese population, while new social policies have facilitated marketization. Social policy expansion includes minimal cash transfers as well as social old‐age and health insurance for hitherto excluded sections of the population. These policies have begun to erode long‐standing urban–rural segregation, but they have added new, underfunded, social programmes rather than widening participation in existing ones, re‐segregating provision so that urban elites and formal sector workers enjoy much more generous provisions than many people working informally and those without work. These social policies’ most significant dark sides thus include compounded income inequalities and the segmentation and stigmatization of the poorest. Authoritarian controls have enabled the Communist Party to avoid redistributive policies that would undermine its urban support, so that politics in China differ from the right‐wing populism of new, anti‐establishment authoritarian regimes.

show abstract

Section: China's Social Policy Reforms: the Segmented Extension Of Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: St Century Social Policy Reform: Expanding Both Urban and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoliberalism, Authoritarian Politics and Social Policy in China

Duckett¹

2020

Development and Change

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many factors influence policy such as economic, fiscal, political regime, and international events and organizations (Duckett, 2019;Giulio & Vecchi, 2019;Husain, 2017), and PPP policy is no exception. However, in different countries, especially developed and emerging markets, influencing factors, processes, and effects of policy are distinct (Zhu & Zhang, 2016).…”

Section: Theoretical Background Of Ppp Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, China's PPP policy process is deeply embedded in the context of decentralization reform, local-government debt, new urbanization, and democratization. In contrast, as a country with a government-led socialist tradition, China's government actively promotes economic marketization and political decentralization during the transition to a market economy; the role and effect of policy intervention in this context is also different from that in the developed market (Duckett, 2019;Heilmann, 2008;Husain, 2017). Therefore, through the theoretical lens of the country-specific characteristics of a transitioning country, this study takes China as a typical case to analyze the performance of PPP management and policy.…”

Section: Theoretical Background Of Ppp Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retro or Renewal: An Assessment of PPP Management and Policy in China Since 2014

Cai

Lin

Yang

et al. 2020

Public Works Management & Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since 2014, public–private partnerships (PPPs) in China have experienced an impulsive new boom with a new PPP policy that has drawn wide attention domestically and internationally. In particular, development characteristics and performance assessments of projects in the new PPP boom are a hot topic. By comparing China’s PPP development in the last several years with that in the past thirty years, we explore its rationale and performance through a critical review using the following approach: first, we identify and analyze its seven new characteristics of investment scale, spatial distribution, investment sectors, operational model, concession period, payment mechanism, and tendering period; second, we diagnose the nature and performance of the new PPP boom; third, we systematically scrutinize the rationale behind the characteristics and the possible mechanism; and last, we conclude with the argument that the new PPP boom could be well managed by the Chinese government if some prerequisites are met. We also raise some key issues inviting more comprehensive comparative studies. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a project-data-analysis lens to better understand PPP development in China and worldwide. The implementation of this study will not only enrich global PPP knowledge, but will also be a good reference for PPP practice and trends in China and other developing countries.

show abstract

“…Rongji, moved up to be the paramount leader and the premier in the 1990s. The "Shanghai clique", which was believed to endorse economic growth-focussed policies (Breslin, 2008;Duckett, 2019), became one of the strongest factions within the CCP.…”

Section: External Accountabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Accountability, State Capacity, and Authoritarian Resilience in Vietnam and China

Nguyen¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research explains why Vietnam and China have different configurations of state capacity and how these differences affect their resilience and prospect of political change. The main argument is that there is a strong, dynamic relationship between political accountability and state capacity which shapes distinctive paths of regime development in the two countries. As a high-accountability regime, Vietnam has an expansive governance capacity which emphasises universally redistributive social policies, a tax-based extractive capacity, and a fragmented control capacity. By contrast, China’s low-accountability regime builds on a unique model of a quasi-tax, quasi-domain, and quasi-rent extraction, a cohesive governance capacity which prioritises efficiency, and a high level of control capacity. Having helped both regimes thrive through the past four decades, the two models nevertheless expose them to different sets of problems. While Vietnam is more susceptible to exogenous changes, China is more vulnerable to endogenous ruptures and decay. The thesis adopts a mixed research approach which combines historical institutionalism in examining large processes of macro-level variables and the rational-choice analysis in studying the immediate-strategic context with key actors’ interactions, choices, and payoff perceptions. A nested game framework is used to explain how political accountability has developed and diverged in the two seemingly similar regimes in Chapter 2. It argues that events in the critical juncture of the late 1980s, particularly the Tiananmen Incident, drastically changed the Chinese leadership’s payoff perceptions of the political equilibrium and accordingly kept the regime firmly in the low-accountability track. Without a similar rupture, a system of collective leadership has been developed and preserved in Vietnam, which steered the regime towards a high-accountability path. The impacts of the divergence in political accountability on the developments of extractive, governance, and control capacities are then explored. Chapter 3 explains why Vietnam has been moving towards a tax state, whilst China remains a unique model of a quasi-tax, quasi-rent, and quasi-domain state. Chapter 4 traces the two regimes’ policy preferences to account for the difference between Vietnam’s egalitarian approach of governance and China’s “efficiency first” strategy. The contrasting fortunes of Ho Chi Minh City and Shanghai, the two countries’ economic centres, are presented for illustration. Chapter 5 discusses the diverging control capacities, arguing that China’s personalised regime requires a higher level of legitimation and repression. Chapter 6 speculates about how differences in state capacity affect the resilience of the two regimes and their prospects of political change. The thesis makes use of a wide range of both primary and secondary data. An original biographical database of 626 members of the Vietnamese Communist Party’s Central Committee members from 1986 to 2016 and the Vietnam’s Provincial Security Dataset from 2011 to 2018 have been constructed. Qualitative evidence is drawn from the two regimes’ internal documents, particularly various volumes from the Selections of Important Documents of the Communist Party of China and the Compilations of the Vietnamese Communist Party Documents. The thesis provides much needed insight into the relationship between political accountability and state capacity in one-party regimes, offers a novel explanation of the different resilience strategies of Vietnamese and Chinese communist rulers, and contributes to the scholarship on critical junctures and political change.

show abstract

International Influences on Policymaking in China: Network Authoritarianism from Jiang Zemin to Hu Jintao

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Neoliberalism, Authoritarian Politics and Social Policy in China

Neoliberalism, Authoritarian Politics and Social Policy in China

Retro or Renewal: An Assessment of PPP Management and Policy in China Since 2014

Political Accountability, State Capacity, and Authoritarian Resilience in Vietnam and China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About