International radiobiology archives of long-term animal studies. I. Descriptions of participating institutions and studies

Gerber, G. B.; Watson, CS; Sugahara, Takeshi; Okada, S.

doi:10.2172/376402

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, that type of analysis can now be based on much larger datasets because databases for irradiated animal data (not used previously by the BEIR VII ICRP 2015 Proceedings Committee) have been set up recently in the USA (Wang et al, 2010;Haley et al, 2011) and Europe (Gerber et al, 1996;Tapio et al, 2008;Birschwilks et al, 2011).…”

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-rate effects in radiation biology and radiation protection

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quantification of biological effects (cancer, other diseases, and cell damage) associated with exposure to ionising radiation has been a major issue for the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) since its foundation in 1928. While there is a wealth of information on the effects on human health for whole-body doses above approximately 100 mGy, the effects associated with doses below 100 mGy are still being investigated and debated intensively. The current radiological protection approach, proposed by ICRP for workers and the public, is largely based on risks obtained from high-dose and high-dose-rate studies, such as the Japanese Life Span Study on atomic bomb survivors. The risk coefficients obtained from these studies can be reduced by the dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor (DDREF) to account for the assumed lower effectiveness of low-dose and low-dose-rate exposures. The 2007 ICRP Recommendations continue to propose a value of 2 for DDREF, while other international organisations suggest either application of different values or abandonment of the factor. This paper summarises the current status of discussions, and highlights issues that are relevant to reassessing the magnitude and application of DDREF.

show abstract

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-rate effects in radiation biology and radiation protection

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…New data included in this work come from animal irradiation experiments conducted in the United States and Europe and deposited into or connected with the Janus ( http://janus.northwestern.edu ) or ERA ( https://era.bfs.de ) databases. These databases are part of an ongoing effort to aggregate and make public all of the data generated in studies of animals exposed to radiation [ 29 ]. Most of the material in these archives comes from large, lifespan studies conducted during the cold war.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been dozens of other large, lifespan animal studies that have been conducted to estimate the effects of dose and dose protraction. Efforts by the International Radiobiology Archives [ 29 ], The European Radiobiology Archives [ 30 ], and the Janus Tissue Archives [ 31 , 32 ] have made many of these datasets readily available on the internet. We used the available archived information to establish an expanded animal dataset of 28,289 mice from 16 studies in order to revisit BEIR VII's DDREF LSS estimate with more information (see Table 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Increase in Animal Mortality Risk following Exposure to Sparsely Ionizing Radiation Is Not Linear Quadratic with Dose

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThe US government regulates allowable radiation exposures relying, in large part, on the seventh report from the committee to estimate the Biological Effect of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR VII), which estimated that most contemporary exposures- protracted or low-dose, carry 1.5 fold less risk of carcinogenesis and mortality per Gy than acute exposures of atomic bomb survivors. This correction is known as the dose and dose rate effectiveness factor for the life span study of atomic bomb survivors (DDREFLSS). It was calculated by applying a linear-quadratic dose response model to data from Japanese atomic bomb survivors and a limited number of animal studies.Methods and ResultsWe argue that the linear-quadratic model does not provide appropriate support to estimate the risk of contemporary exposures. In this work, we re-estimated DDREFLSS using 15 animal studies that were not included in BEIR VII’s original analysis. Acute exposure data led to a DDREFLSS estimate from 0.9 to 3.0. By contrast, data that included both acute and protracted exposures led to a DDREFLSS estimate from 4.8 to infinity. These two estimates are significantly different, violating the assumptions of the linear-quadratic model, which predicts that DDREFLSS values calculated in either way should be the same.ConclusionsTherefore, we propose that future estimates of the risk of protracted exposures should be based on direct comparisons of data from acute and protracted exposures, rather than from extrapolations from a linear-quadratic model. The risk of low dose exposures may be extrapolated from these protracted estimates, though we encourage ongoing debate as to whether this is the most valid approach. We also encourage efforts to enlarge the datasets used to estimate the risk of protracted exposures by including both human and animal data, carcinogenesis outcomes, a wider range of exposures, and by making more radiobiology data publicly accessible. We believe that these steps will contribute to better estimates of the risks of contemporary radiation exposures.

show abstract

“…The same information will also be presented on the CD ROM as an updated version of the 'International archives of 77 Fig. 2 Suggested structure for a PARADOX database on epidemiological observations to be used for comparison with the International Radiobiology Archives (IRA) long-term animal studies' Description of participating institutions and studies' [4]. This material is presented as hypertext HTML files.…”

Section: How To Obtain and Use The Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consult the PARADOX database on the CD ROMpossibly by means of the PARADOX forms supplied -or the book 'Long-term studies in radiobiology' [4] and select those studies which might give information to the problem in question. 2.…”

Section: How To Obtain and Use The Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

International radiobiology archives of long-term animal studies: structure, possible uses and potential extension

Gerber¹,

Wick²,

Watson

et al. 1999

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animal experiments have contributed a great deal to our information on effects and risks arising from exposure to radionuclides. This applies, in particular, to alpha-emitting radionuclides where information from man is limited to thorotrast, 224Ra and 226Ra. The late C.W. Mays was the first to suggest that animal data in conjunction with epidemiological data could allow estimates of human risks for radionuclides - predominantly from actinides - where information in man is scarce. The 'International Radiobiology Archives of Long-term Animal Studies' were created through the combined efforts of European, American and Japanese scientists and aim to safeguard the large amount of existing data on long-term animal experiments and make them available for, among others, an improved assessment of risks from alpha-emitting radionuclides. This paper summarizes the structure of the archives and reviews their present status and future plans. It also demonstrates the extensive information available in these archives on alpha-emitting radionuclides which is suitable for further analysis. Also, the structure of the animal archives could - in a slightly modified form - accommodate the epidemiological data available on 224Ra and thorotrast and, thus, facilitate a direct comparison of data from man, dogs and rodents.

show abstract

International radiobiology archives of long-term animal studies. I. Descriptions of participating institutions and studies

Cited by 9 publications

References 88 publications

Dose-rate effects in radiation biology and radiation protection

Dose-rate effects in radiation biology and radiation protection

The Increase in Animal Mortality Risk following Exposure to Sparsely Ionizing Radiation Is Not Linear Quadratic with Dose

International radiobiology archives of long-term animal studies: structure, possible uses and potential extension

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About