International standardized procedures for <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotube toxicity in water

Mouchet, Florence; Gancet, C.; Flahaut, Emmanuel; Pinelli, Éric; Boutonnet, Jean-Charles; Gauthier, Laury

doi:10.1080/02772248.2015.1133818

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, MWCNTs were unstable, formed aggregates and settled out of the exposure dispersion removing any co-adsorbed algal cells (Table 1; Figure 3A). The co-adsorption of CNTs and other CNMs to algal cells in exposure studies is well documented (Schwab et al, 2011, Long et al, 2012, Sørensen et al, 2015, Mouchet et al, 2016, Nolte et al, 2017. Critically, co-adsorption prevents separation of the two matrix elements, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, two key limitations regarding the applicability of OECD 201 to MNMs have been identified. The first is that the chelating agent EDTA, a component of the test medium, can interfere with metallic MNMs causing iron precipitation and resulting in unfavourable growth conditions (Kadar et al, 2012, Hund-Rinke et al, 2016, Mouchet et al, 2016, Zhang et al, 2016. It is now recommended that an EDTA-free algal medium should be considered when testing metal MNMs (Hund-Rinke et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are fluorescence-based chlorophyll quantification methods suitable for algae toxicity assessment of carbon nanomaterials?

Farkas

Booth

2017

Nanotoxicology

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Using a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and graphene oxide (GO) as representative test materials, we evaluated the applicability of in vivo and in vitro chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) fluorescence quantification methods, which are used in standard algae ecotoxicity tests such as OECD 201 and ISO 8692. In vivo quantification of Chl-a from Raphidocelis subcapitata indicated a significant reduction in Chl-a fluorescence in the presence of MWCNTs due to shading, but a significant autofluorescence from GO caused an overestimation of Chl-a concentration. In vitro Chl-a quantification methods employing a modified acetone and an ethanol extraction protocol reduced the influence of shading and autofluorescence, but both resulted in a significant loss of fluorescence signal in the presence of 100 mgL MWCNTs (99-100%) and GO (21-52%). Chl-a reduction was dose dependent for both tested carbon-based MNMs (CNMs), but effects were more pronounced for MWCNT, which caused a significant fluorescence reduction (16 ± 0.3%) already at 1 mgL. Further study of the CNM-algae-Chl-a interaction processes revealed that CNM can not only interact with live algae, but also efficiently adsorb extracted Chl-a. Our results showed that within 10 min, 95-100% of Chl-a extracted from two algae concentrations were adsorbed to MWCNT, while 35-60% of Chl-a was adsorbed to the GO. This study shows that Chl-a quantification by fluorescence determination is not a suitable method for ecotoxicity testing of CNM. However, a quick screening test for individual MNMs is recommended to determine whether Chl-a adsorption is a significant process prior to selection of a quantification method.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are fluorescence-based chlorophyll quantification methods suitable for algae toxicity assessment of carbon nanomaterials?

Farkas

Booth

2017

Nanotoxicology

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“…Chronic toxicity studies on aquatic organisms have been reported for other CNMs, including fullerene (C 60 ), 21 singlewalled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), 22 and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). 23,24 Nevertheless, the possible chronic and adverse effects of GN on aquatic organisms is nearly unknown. Thus, it is necessary to conduct chronic toxicity tests to evaluate the real toxicity of GN materials in aquatic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism of chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna induced by graphene suspended in a water column

Fan

Liu

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…Indeed, size is known as one of the main parameters modulating particle toxicity. These effects have already been demonstrated in Xenopus in the case of exposure to carbon nanoparticles, for example [ 48 , 49 ]. This toxicity can be qualified as direct when it is mechanical or indirect when it is nutritional.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Ecotoxicity of Heteroaggregates of Polystyrene Nanospheres in Chironomidae and Amphibian

et al. 2022

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Due to their various properties as polymeric materials, plastics have been produced, used and ultimately discharged into the environment. Although some studies have shown their negative impacts on the marine environment, the effects of plastics on freshwater organisms are still poorly studied, while they could be widely in contact with this pollution. The current work aimed to better elucidate the impact and the toxicity mechanisms of two kinds of commercial functionalized nanoplastics, i.e., carboxylated polystyrene microspheres of, respectively, 350 and 50 nm (PS350 and PS50), and heteroaggregated PS50 with humic acid with an apparent size of 350 nm (PSHA), all used at environmental concentrations (0.1 to 100 µg L−1). For this purpose, two relevant biological and aquatic models—amphibian larvae, Xenopus laevis, and dipters, Chironomus riparius—were used under normalized exposure conditions. The acute, chronic, and genetic toxicity parameters were examined and discussed with regard to the fundamental characterization in media exposures and, especially, the aggregation state of the nanoplastics. The size of PS350 and PSHA remained similar in the Xenopus and Chironomus exposure media. Inversely, PS50 aggregated in both exposition media and finally appeared to be micrometric during the exposition tests. Interestingly, this work highlighted that PS350 has no significant effect on the tested species, while PS50 is the most prone to alter the growth of Xenopus but not of Chironomus. Finally, PSHA induced a significant genotoxicity in Xenopus.

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International standardized procedures for in vivo evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotube toxicity in water

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Are fluorescence-based chlorophyll quantification methods suitable for algae toxicity assessment of carbon nanomaterials?

Are fluorescence-based chlorophyll quantification methods suitable for algae toxicity assessment of carbon nanomaterials?

The mechanism of chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna induced by graphene suspended in a water column

Ecotoxicity of Heteroaggregates of Polystyrene Nanospheres in Chironomidae and Amphibian

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