“…Addressing such invitations, a growing body of research suggests that these addictive/problematic behaviors tend to co-occur rather than present in isolation ( Farré et al, 2015 , Haylett et al, 2004 , Lee et al, 2018 , Lorains et al, 2011 , Martin et al, 2013a , Mérelle et al, 2017 , Müller and Montag, 2017 , Szabo et al, 2018 ). Indeed, research supports that predisposing factors such as depression ( Xu et al, 2020 ), anxiety ( Stavropoulos et al, 2017 ), maladaptive strategies ( Ostovar et al, 2021 ), and adverse life experiences ( Farré et al, 2015 ), may act as antecedents leading to the development and maintenance of co-occurring addictive behaviors (see also the I-PACE model explaining the rise of addictive behaviors, in particular in the online realm; Brand et al, 2016 , Brand et al, 2019 ). Similarly, evidence indicates that commonalities across forms of addictions might act as a ‘gateway’ increasing the likelihood of comorbid addictions ( Burleigh et al, 2019 , Rozgonjuk et al, 2021 ).…”