Internet Cognitive Testing of Large Samples Needed in Genetic Research

Haworth, Claire M. A.; Harlaar, Nicole; Kovas, Yulia; Davis, Oliver S. P.; Oliver, Bonamy R.; Hayiou‐Thomas, Marianna E.; Frances, Jane; Busfield, Patricia; McMillan, Andrew; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert

doi:10.1375/twin.10.4.554

Cited by 116 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…An increasingly large body of research demonstrates that results from populations tested over the internet are reliable and empirically valid (McGraw et al 2000 ;Birnbaum, 2004 ;Gosling et al 2004 ;Kraut et al 2004 ;Haworth et al 2007 ;Wilmer et al 2010) and of broad theoretical interest (Owen et al 2010 ;Wilmer et al 2010). A recent analysis of data collected from our website (www.testmybrain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face emotion recognition is related to individual differences in psychosis-proneness

Germine

Hooker

2010

Psychol. Med.

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Background. Deficits in face emotion recognition (FER) in schizophrenia are well documented, and have been proposed as a potential intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia liability. However, research on the relationship between psychosis vulnerability and FER has mixed findings and methodological limitations. Moreover, no study has yet characterized the relationship between FER ability and level of psychosis-proneness. If FER ability varies continuously with psychosis-proneness, this suggests a relationship between FER and polygenic risk factors.Method. We tested two large internet samples to see whether psychometric psychosis-proneness, as measured by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), is related to differences in face emotion identification and discrimination or other face processing abilities.Results. Experiment 1 (n=2332) showed that psychosis-proneness predicts face emotion identification ability but not face gender identification ability. Experiment 2 (n=1514) demonstrated that psychosis-proneness also predicts performance on face emotion but not face identity discrimination. The tasks in Experiment 2 used identical stimuli and task parameters, differing only in emotion/identity judgment. Notably, the relationships demonstrated in Experiments 1 and 2 persisted even when individuals with the highest psychosis-proneness levels (the putative highrisk group) were excluded from analysis.Conclusions. Our data suggest that FER ability is related to individual differences in psychosis-like characteristics in the normal population, and that these differences cannot be accounted for by differences in face processing and/or visual perception. Our results suggest that FER may provide a useful candidate intermediate phenotype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face emotion recognition is related to individual differences in psychosis-proneness

Germine

Hooker

2010

Psychol. Med.

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“…The merits of web-based approaches have been well documented and findings appear consistent with traditional methods of data collection [43]. The battery used at ages 10 and 12 in this study included questions from three components of mathematics: 'Understanding Number', 'Computation and Knowledge' and 'Non-Numerical Processes' [12] (see Supplementary Materials for a more detailed description).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalist genes analysis of DNA markers associated with mathematical ability and disability reveals shared influence across ages and abilities

et al. 2010

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BackgroundThe Generalist Genes Hypothesis is based upon quantitative genetic findings which indicate that many of the same genes influence diverse cognitive abilities and disabilities across age. In a recent genome-wide association study of mathematical ability in 10-year-old children, 43 SNP associations were nominated from scans of pooled DNA, 10 of which were validated in an individually genotyped sample. The 4927 children in this genotyped sample have also been studied at 7, 9 and 12 years of age on measures of mathematical ability, as well as on other cognitive and learning abilities.ResultsUsing these data we have explored the Generalist Genes Hypothesis by assessing the association of the available measures of ability at age 10 and other ages with two composite 'SNP-set' scores, formed from the full set of 43 nominated SNPs and the sub-set of 10 SNPs that were previously found to be associated with mathematical ability at age 10. Both SNP sets yielded significant associations with mathematical ability at ages 7, 9 and 12, as well as with reading and general cognitive ability at age 10.ConclusionsAlthough effect sizes are small, our results correspond with those of quantitative genetic research in supporting the Generalist Genes Hypothesis. SNP sets identified on the basis of their associations with mathematical ability at age 10 show associations with mathematical ability at earlier and later ages and show associations of similar magnitude with reading and general cognitive ability. With small effect sizes expected in such complex traits, future studies may be able to capitalise on power by searching for 'generalist genes' using longitudinal and multivariate approaches.

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“…These were administered via the internet and used adaptive branching to keep children engaged and limit the number of items to be answered (Haworth et al, 2007).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Articulating Novel Words: Children's Oromotor Skills Predict Nonword Repetition Abilities

Krishnan

Alcock

Mercure³

et al. 2013

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose: Pronouncing a novel word for the first time requires the transformation of a newly encoded speech signal into a series of coordinated, exquisitely timed oromotor movements. Individual differences in children's ability to repeat novel nonwords are associated with vocabulary development and later literacy. Nonword repetition (NWR) is often used to test clinical populations. While phonological/auditory memory contributions to learning and pronouncing nonwords have been extensively studied, much less is known about the contribution of children's oromotor skills to this process. Method: Two independent cohorts of children (7-13 years, N = 40, and 6.9-7.7 years, N = 37) were tested on a battery of linguistic and non-linguistic tests, including NWR and oromotor tasks. Results: In both cohorts, individual differences in oromotor control were a significant contributor to NWR abilities; moreover, in an omnibus analysis including experimental and standardized tasks, oromotor control predicted the most unique variance in NWR. Conclusions: Results indicate that nonlinguistic oromotor skills contribute to children's NWR ability, and suggest that important aspects of language learning and consequent language deficits may be rooted in the ability to perform complex sensorimotor transformations.Oromotor skill predicts non-word repetition ability

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Internet Cognitive Testing of Large Samples Needed in Genetic Research

Cited by 116 publications

References 27 publications

Face emotion recognition is related to individual differences in psychosis-proneness

Face emotion recognition is related to individual differences in psychosis-proneness

Generalist genes analysis of DNA markers associated with mathematical ability and disability reveals shared influence across ages and abilities

Articulating Novel Words: Children's Oromotor Skills Predict Nonword Repetition Abilities

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