Face emotion recognition is related to individual differences in psychosis-proneness

Germine, Laura; Hooker, Christine I.

doi:10.1017/s0033291710001571

Cited by 73 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Concerning our use of a Web-based sample, data collected from Webbased samples have been found to be trustworthy estimates of true abilities, given appropriate subject filtering methods as were used in the present study (26)(27)(28). Data collected from www.testmybrain.org, in particular, have been found to be highly reliable (30); to yield laboratory-replicated developmental, aging, and individual differences effects (29,30,38,39); and to be comparable to data gathered in traditional laboratory-based samples on performance-related metrics (30,39).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Number sense across the lifespan as revealed by a massive Internet-based sample

Halberda

Wilmer

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

443

437

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been difficult to determine how cognitive systems change over the grand time scale of an entire life, as few cognitive systems are well enough understood; observable in infants, adolescents, and adults; and simple enough to measure to empower comparisons across vastly different ages. Here we address this challenge with data from more than 10,000 participants ranging from 11 to 85 years of age and investigate the precision of basic numerical intuitions and their relation to students' performance in school mathematics across the lifespan. We all share a foundational number sense that has been observed in adults, infants, and nonhuman animals, and that, in humans, is generated by neurons in the intraparietal sulcus. Individual differences in the precision of this evolutionarily ancient number sense may impact school mathematics performance in children; however, we know little of its role beyond childhood. Here we find that population trends suggest that the precision of one's number sense improves throughout the schoolage years, peaking quite late at ∼30 y. Despite this gradual developmental improvement, we find very large individual differences in number sense precision among people of the same age, and these differences relate to school mathematical performance throughout adolescence and the adult years. The large individual differences and prolonged development of number sense, paired with its consistent and specific link to mathematics ability across the age span, hold promise for the impact of educational interventions that target the number sense.aging | analog magnitude | approximate number system | cognitive development | ensemble representation A lthough the particulars of our minds may differ from person to person, some aspects of cognition are close to our corethey are universally shared, present in the young, and actively engaged throughout our lifetimes (1, 2). Investigating developmental changes in these core systems may present us with a picture of how the mind transforms from infancy to senescence. Here we investigated change in the approximate number system (ANS), the cognitive system that gives rise to our basic numerical intuitions (3). The ANS generates nonverbal representations of numerosity in nonhuman animals (4, 5), infants (6, 7), school-aged children (8-10), and adults from mathematically fluent cultures (11,12) as well as cultures that do not practice explicit mathematics (13,14). In humans, imaging results suggest that these basic intuitions are supported by neurons in the intraparietal sulcus (15-18), a role that can be observed shortly after birth (19). Given the phylogenetically widespread occurrence of this primitive cognitive resource, the ANS might make little or no contact with the formal mathematical abilities that humans struggle to master and that no other animals acquire (20). Alternatively, this system may be a critical foundation upon which formal mathematical abilities are constructed (21,22). Although some evidence suggests a link between the ANS and formal mathemat...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Number sense across the lifespan as revealed by a massive Internet-based sample

Halberda

Wilmer

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

443

437

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous research has shown evidence of an age-related decline in face recognition [35,36], which may be associated with age-related memory declines. While the Face recognition test of unfamiliar faces examines novel face processing, this task measures the ability to recognize known (famous) faces.…”

Section: Research Method: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) study protocol: a cross-sectional, lifespan, multidisciplinary examination of healthy cognitive ageing

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAs greater numbers of us are living longer, it is increasingly important to understand how we can age healthily. Although old age is often stereotyped as a time of declining mental abilities and inflexibility, cognitive neuroscience reveals that older adults use neural and cognitive resources flexibly, recruiting novel neural regions and cognitive processes when necessary. Our aim in this project is to understand how age-related changes to neural structure and function interact to support cognitive abilities across the lifespan.Methods/DesignWe are recruiting a population-based cohort of 3000 adults aged 18 and over into Stage 1 of the project, where they complete an interview including health and lifestyle questions, a core cognitive assessment, and a self-completed questionnaire of lifetime experiences and physical activity. Of those interviewed, 700 participants aged 18-87 (100 per age decile) continue to Stage 2 where they undergo cognitive testing and provide measures of brain structure and function. Cognition is assessed across multiple domains including attention and executive control, language, memory, emotion, action control and learning. A subset of 280 adults return for in-depth neurocognitive assessment in Stage 3, using functional neuroimaging experiments across our key cognitive domains.Formal statistical models will be used to examine the changes that occur with healthy ageing, and to evaluate age-related reorganisation in terms of cognitive and neural functions invoked to compensate for overall age-related brain structural decline. Taken together the three stages provide deep phenotyping that will allow us to measure neural activity and flexibility during performance across a number of core cognitive functions. This approach offers hypothesis-driven insights into the relationship between brain and behaviour in healthy ageing that are relevant to the general population.DiscussionOur study is a unique resource of neuroimaging and cognitive measures relevant to change across the adult lifespan. Because we focus on normal age-related changes, our results may contribute to changing views about the ageing process, lead to targeted interventions, and reveal how normal ageing relates to frail ageing in clinicopathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease.

show abstract

“…This type of qualitative equivalence (Buchanan, 2007) has been demonstrated for a range of cognitive and perceptual tests, including tests involving very brief, tachistoscopic presentation times (McGraw et al, 2000), measurement of subtle variations in response times (McGraw et al, 2000;Nosek, Banaji & Greenwald, 2002), accurate perception of simple visual stimuli (Krantz et al, 1997;Krantz & Dalal, 2000;McGraw et al, 2000;Senior, Phillips, Barnes & David, 1999), and focused attention (Birnbaum, 2000;Krantz & Dalal, 2000;McGraw et al, 2000). Moreover, a growing number of large-scale Web-based studies of cognition and perception have now been published that have demonstrated reliable, replicable, and theoretically consistent findings (Germine, Duchaine, & Nakayama, 2011;Germine & Hooker, 2011;Nosek et al, 2002;Soto, John, Gosling & Potter, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Web-based testing allows researchers to locate and study individuals with rare characteristics (e.g., Duchaine, Germine & Nakayama, 2007;Germine, Cashdollar, Düzel, & Duchaine, 2011). Indeed, the last several years have seen a rise in Webbased experiments across fields that rely on specific sample characteristics, including psychopathology (Germine & Hooker, 2011;Kendler, Myers, Potter & Opalesky, 2009), genetic epidemiology (Kendler et al, 2009), and behavioral genetics (Haworth et al, 2007;Wilmer et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Web as good as the lab? Comparable performance from Web and lab in cognitive/perceptual experiments

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the increasing sophistication and ubiquity of the Internet, behavioral research is on the cusp of a revolution that will do for population sampling what the computer did for stimulus control and measurement. It remains a common assumption, however, that data from self-selected Web samples must involve a trade-off between participant numbers and data quality. Concerns about data quality are heightened for performance-based cognitive and perceptual measures, particularly those that are timed or that involve complex stimuli. In experiments run with uncompensated, anonymous participants whose motivation for participation is unknown, reduced conscientiousness or lack of focus could produce results that would be difficult to interpret due to decreased overall performance, increased variability of performance, or increased measurement noise. Here, we addressed the question of data quality across a range of cognitive and perceptual tests. For three key performance metrics-mean performance, performance variance, and internal reliability-the results from selfselected Web samples did not differ systematically from those obtained from traditionally recruited and/or lab-tested samples. These findings demonstrate that collecting data from uncompensated, anonymous, unsupervised, self-selected participants need not reduce data quality, even for demanding cognitive and perceptual experiments.

show abstract

Face emotion recognition is related to individual differences in psychosis-proneness

Cited by 73 publications

References 68 publications

Number sense across the lifespan as revealed by a massive Internet-based sample

Number sense across the lifespan as revealed by a massive Internet-based sample

The Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) study protocol: a cross-sectional, lifespan, multidisciplinary examination of healthy cognitive ageing

Is the Web as good as the lab? Comparable performance from Web and lab in cognitive/perceptual experiments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About