Internet of things and ransomware: Evolution, mitigation and prevention

Humayun, Mamoona; Jhanjhi, N. Z.; Alsayat, Ahmed; Ponnusamy, Vasaki

doi:10.1016/j.eij.2020.05.003

Cited by 142 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Urquhart and Mcauley [38] offered a method for risks lying for IIoT drawn both on the perspectives of technical and regulatory. Humayun et al [39] showed a wide-ranging description of the growth, prevention, and moderation of Ransomware in the background of IoT. Dachyar et al [40] presented a comprehensive detail of the 26420 articles published in the IoT field.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Dss For Iiot Based On Popular Librariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Multicriteria Decision Support System and Industrial Internet of Things for Source Code Transformation

Qinxia

Nazir

Gao

et al. 2021

Scientific Programming

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The large scale increase of communication and number of devices in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has rapidly enabled practitioners to make decisions based on multicriteria. Multicriteria decision support systems (MCDSSs) play an important role in decision-making for a particular situation based on several criteria. Making of decision based on multicriteria is the main issues for research community and practitioners of the IIoT. Several decision support systems (DSSs) are offered for making decisions which have the potentiality to support the activities of the decision-making process. The suggested study shows a review on the existing decision support systems for the IIoT for source code transformation which will enable research community and practitioners of the industry to use the existing methods, tools, approaches, and techniques and to provide novel solutions for the smooth industry of Internet of Things.

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Section: Analysis Of the Dss For Iiot Based On Popular Librariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Multicriteria Decision Support System and Industrial Internet of Things for Source Code Transformation

Qinxia

Nazir

Gao

et al. 2021

Scientific Programming

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“…There are basically four types of ransomware namely, Crypto ransomware, Locker ransomware, Leakware and Scareware [1,7,10,16,17]. Crypto ransomware attacks the victim machine through different attack vectors and encrypts valuable files and makes them not to accessible to the user and demands ransom to decrypt the file.…”

Section: Types Of Ransomwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After researching with many articles, ransomware white papers and online resources [1,7,[23][24][25][26][27], we came out with seven stages of ransomware attack. This seven-stage ransomware attack is shown below in Fig.…”

Section: Ransomware Attack Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ransomware is formed by combining two words "Ransom" and "Ware". Ransom is referring to payment and the ware is referring to the family of "Malicious Software" called Malware [1]. Ransomware is a kind of malevolent malware which can encrypt user files and/or lock the user out of their system and demand a ransom to decrypt the file or unlock the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy of Ransomware: Attack Stages, Patterns and Handling Techniques

Kumar

Ramlie

2021

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

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In the recent years, ransomware becomes one of the quickest, safest and profitable cybercrimes. Ransomware is a kind of rancorous malware which uses different techniques including cryptography to encrypt user files and then demand the user to pay ransom to decrypt back. It is a kind of cyber-attack which targets individuals, companies and even government sectors. This research paper provides insight into ransomware types, attack stages, attack vectors and handling techniques. This research paper is targeted to create awareness in ransomware for public and also for researchers to further explore.

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“…Because all IoT data is stored in a IoT 2021, 2 relatively "single" location, it eases the hackers' attempt to find targets for their attacks. They will be most likely to attack the Cloud environment by stealing the data [4] or disrupt their operations through ransomware [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Conceptual Architecture in Decentralizing Computing, Storage, and Networking Aspect of IoT Infrastructure

Oktian

Witanto

Lee

2021

IoT

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Since the inception of the Internet of Things (IoT), we have adopted centralized architecture for decades. With the vastly growing number of IoT devices and gateways, this architecture struggles to cope with the high demands of state-of-the-art IoT services, which require scalable and responsive infrastructure. In response, decentralization becomes a considerable interest among IoT adopters. Following a similar trajectory, this paper introduces an IoT architecture re-work that enables three spheres of IoT workflows (i.e., computing, storage, and networking) to be run in a distributed manner. In particular, we employ the blockchain and smart contract to provide a secure computing platform. The distributed storage network maintains the saving of IoT raw data and application data. The software-defined networking (SDN) controllers and SDN switches exist in the architecture to provide connectivity across multiple IoT domains. We envision all of those services in the form of separate yet integrated peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks, which IoT actors such as IoT domain owners, IoT users, Internet Service Provider (ISP), and government can cultivate. We also present several IoT workflow examples showing how IoT developers can adapt to this new proposed architecture. Based on the presented workflows, the IoT computing can be performed in a trusted and privacy-preserving manner, the IoT storage can be made robust and verifiable, and finally, we can react to the network events automatically and quickly. Our discussions in this paper can be beneficial for many people ranging from academia, industries, and investors that are interested in the future of IoT in general.

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Internet of things and ransomware: Evolution, mitigation and prevention

Cited by 142 publications

References 78 publications

A Review on Multicriteria Decision Support System and Industrial Internet of Things for Source Code Transformation

A Review on Multicriteria Decision Support System and Industrial Internet of Things for Source Code Transformation

Anatomy of Ransomware: Attack Stages, Patterns and Handling Techniques

A Conceptual Architecture in Decentralizing Computing, Storage, and Networking Aspect of IoT Infrastructure

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