Internet of Things Forensics: The Need, Process Models, and Open Issues

Chernyshev, Maxim; Zeadally, Sherali; Baig, Zubair A.; Woodward, Andrew

doi:10.1109/mitp.2018.032501747

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Consecutively executed, all abovementioned steps constitute the Forensics Investigation Life Cycle [60], [61]. Although there are some variations in the way different scholars divide the investigation cycle into phases, one important detail should never be missed: the whole cycle should be executed using validated tools and scientifically proven methodology [62]. Since nowadays there are new platforms based on embedded technologies, DF investigators develop and validate new tools in order to keep pace with the advances, and guarantee the accurate and timely data extraction [63].…”

Section: A What Is Digital Forensics?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics: Challenges, Approaches, and Open Issues

Stoyanova

Nikoloudakis

Panagiotakis

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

614

238

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Today is the era of the Internet of Things (IoT). The recent advances in hardware and information technology have accelerated the deployment of billions of interconnected, smart and adaptive devices in critical infrastructures like health, transportation, environmental control, and home automation. Transferring data over a network without requiring any kind of human-to-computer or human-to-human interaction, brings reliability and convenience to consumers, but also opens a new world of opportunity for intruders, and introduces a whole set of unique and complicated questions to the field of Digital Forensics. Although IoT data could be a rich source of evidence, forensics professionals cope with diverse problems, starting from the huge variety of IoT devices and non-standard formats, to the multitenant cloud infrastructure and the resulting multi-jurisdictional litigations. A further challenge is the end-to-end encryption which represents a trade-off between users' right to privacy and the success of the forensics investigation. Due to its volatile nature, digital evidence has to be acquired and analyzed using validated tools and techniques that ensure the maintenance of the Chain of Custody. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the main issues involved in the complex process of IoT-based investigations, particularly all legal, privacy and cloud security challenges. Furthermore, this work provides an overview of the past and current theoretical models in the digital forensics science. Special attention is paid to frameworks that aim to extract data in a privacy-preserving manner or secure the evidence integrity using decentralized blockchain-based solutions. In addition, the present paper addresses the ongoing Forensics-as-a-Service (FaaS) paradigm, as well as some promising cross-cutting data reduction and forensics intelligence techniques. Finally, several other research trends and open issues are presented, with emphasis on the need for proactive Forensics Readiness strategies and generally agreed-upon standards.

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Section: A What Is Digital Forensics?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics: Challenges, Approaches, and Open Issues

Stoyanova

Nikoloudakis

Panagiotakis

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

614

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Common attacks in IoT include DoS attack, Man-in-the-Middle Attack. IoT security demands research on the privacy of data [218,259,128], prevention of loss of data from personalized devices, leading to impersonation attacks and prevention of malware via botnets which leads to Distributed Denial of Service Attacks (DDoS) [51]. For IoT devices to be secured, it requires to ensure authentication, integrity, confidentiality, availability, authorization, secrecy, and non-repudiation [IoT device].…”

Section: Taxonomy For Iot Security Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decades of Internet of Things towards 21st Century: A Research-Based Introspective

Boobalakrishnan¹

2021

Preprint

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Internet connects people to people, people to machine, and machine to machine for a life of serendipity through a Cloud. Internet of Things networks objects or people and integrates them with software to collect and exchange data. The Internet of things (IoT) influences our lives based on how we ruminate, respond, and anticipate. IoT 2020 heralds from the fringes to the data ecosystem and panaches a comfort zone. IoT is overwhelmingly embraced by businessmen and consumers due to increased productivity and convenience. Internet of Things facilitates intelligent device control with cloud vendors like Amazon and Google using artificial intelligence for data analytics, and with digital assistants like Alexa and Siri providing a voice user interface. Smart IoT is all about duplex connecting, processing, and implementing. With 5G, lightning faster rate of streaming analytics is realistic. An amalgamation of technologies has led to this techno-industrial IoT revolution. Centralized IoT architecture is vulnerable to cyber-attacks. With Block Chain, it is possible to maintain transparency and security of the transaction's data. Standardization of IoT devices is achievable with limited vendors based on Platform, Connectivity, and Application. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) using bots has automated laborious tasks in 2019. Embedded Internet using Facial Recognition could reduce the pandemic crisis. Security concerns are addressed with micro-segmentation approaches. IoT, an incredible vision of the future makes systems adaptive with customized features, responsive with increased efficiency, and procurable with optimized cost. This paper delivers a comprehensive insight into the technical perspectives of IoT, focusing on interoperability, flexibility, scalability, mobility, security, transparency, standardization, and low energy.

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“…In the past few years, lots of research efforts have been conducted in IoT forensics [18], [19], [20], including digital evidences identification, collection, storage, analysis, and distribution in IoT environments [19], which is very different with the existing computer forensics. The IoT systems contain many smart devices, heterogeneous networks, and diverse applications, where huge volumes of data and heterogeneous technologies create new challenges for forensic investigation [21], [22], [23]. Since 2017, the emerging blockchain technology have been applied in digital forensics to document evidence items, interaction actions, and preserving evidence in the blockchain [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29].…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain-Based Digital Forensics Investigation Framework in the Internet of Things and Social Systems

Qin

Min

2019

IEEE Trans. Comput. Soc. Syst.

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The decentralised nature of blockchain technologies can well match the needs of integrity and provenances of evidences collecting in digital forensics across jurisdictional borders. In this work, a novel blockchain based digital forensics investigation framework in the Internet of Things (IoT) and social systems environment is proposed, which can provide proof of existence and privacy preservation for evidence items examination. To implement such features, we present a block enabled forensics framework for IoT, namely IoT forensic chain (IoTFC), which can offer forensic investigation with good authenticity, immutability, traceability, resilience, and distributed trust between evidential entitles as well as examiners. The IoTFC can deliver a gurantee of traceability and track provenance of evidence items. Details of evidence identification, preservation, analysis, and presentation will be recorded in chains of block. The IoTFC can increase trust of both evidence items and examiners by providing transparency of the audit train. The use case demonstrated the effectiveness of proposed method.

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Internet of Things Forensics: The Need, Process Models, and Open Issues

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

A Survey on the Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics: Challenges, Approaches, and Open Issues

A Survey on the Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics: Challenges, Approaches, and Open Issues

Decades of Internet of Things towards 21st Century: A Research-Based Introspective

Blockchain-Based Digital Forensics Investigation Framework in the Internet of Things and Social Systems

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