Interpersonal sensitivity in those at clinical high risk for psychosis mediates the association between childhood bullying victimisation and paranoid ideation: A virtual reality study

McDonnell, J.; Ståhl, Daniel; Day, Fern; McGuire, Philip; Valmaggia, Lucia

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.029

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…promoting paranoid rumination) than amplifying in-the-moment paranoid attributions. Indeed, currently models of paranoia suggest that anxiety and worry are maintenance factors for paranoid thoughts [16], and worry and experience sampling studies suggest that proximal worry and anxious rumination have a larger effect on paranoia than in time-lagged analyses [64]. Thus, in-themoment attributions of harmful intent may be more dependent on momentary worry and anxiety prior to social interactions, and it is not certain that traits will become relevant to live social inferences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, other predisposing factors (e.g. trauma; [16]) not measured may be more relevant to the relationship between general anxiety and harmful intent attributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study 1 suggested that prior paranoid beliefs led to larger and earlier harmful intent attributions. Prior models and evidence [9][10][11]15,16] suggest a role of affective processes in paranoid ideation, specifically interpersonal sensitivity [43], state and trait anxiety [44] and worry [45]. Therefore, we also wanted to test whether these psychological variables predict harmful intent attributions.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paranoia, sensitization and social inference: findings from two large-scale, multi-round behavioural experiments

et al. 2020

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The sensitization model suggests that paranoia is explained by over-sensitivity to social threat. However, this has been difficult to test experimentally. We report two preregistered social interaction studies that tested (i) whether paranoia predicted overall attribution and peak attribution of harmful intent and (ii) whether anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity and worry predicted the attribution of harmful intent. In Study 1, we recruited a large general population sample (N = 987) who serially interacted with other participants in multi-round dictator games and matched to fair, partially fair or unfair partners. Participants rated attributions of harmful intent and self-interest after each interaction. In Study 2 (N = 1011), a new sample of participants completed the same procedure and additionally completed measures of anxiety, worry and interpersonal sensitivity. As predicted, prior paranoid ideation was associated with higher and faster overall harmful intent attributions, whereas attributions of self-interest were unaffected, supporting the sensitization model. Contrary to predictions, neither worry, interpersonal sensitivity nor anxiety was associated with harmful intent attributions. In a third exploratory internal meta-analysis, we combined datasets to examine the effect of paranoia on trialby-trial attributional changes when playing fair and unfair dictators. Paranoia was associated with a greater reduction in harmful intent attributions when playing a fair but not unfair

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, other predisposing factors (e.g. trauma; [16]) not measured may be more relevant to the relationship between general anxiety and harmful intent attributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paranoia, sensitization and social inference: findings from two large-scale, multi-round behavioural experiments

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“…thinking. Those at high risk of developing psychosis report increased paranoid 37 thinking following simulated interactions in a virtual social environment which was 38 predicted (16) or mediated (17) by interpersonal sensitivity. 39…”

Section: Background 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paranoia, sensitisation and social inference: findings from two large-scale, multi-round behavioural experiments.

Barnby¹,

Deeley²,

Robinson³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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1The sensitisation model suggests paranoia is explained by over-sensitivity to 2 perceived threat in social environments. However, this has been difficult to test 3 experimentally. We report two pre-registered studies that tested i) the sensitisation 4 model as an explanation of paranoia, and; ii) the role of purported maintaining 5 factors in supporting social sensitisation. In study one, we recruited a large general 6 population sample (N=987) who serially interacted with other participants in multi-7round Dictator games, matched to fair, partially fair, or unfair partners. Participants 8 rated attributions of harmful intent and self-interest after each interaction. In study 9 two (N=1011), a new sample of participants completed the same procedure and 10 additionally completed measures of anxiety, worry and interpersonal sensitivity. As 11 predicted, paranoid ideation predicted higher and faster overall harmful intent 12 attributions, whereas attributions of self-interest were unaffected, supporting the 13 sensitisation model. Contrary to predictions, neither worry nor anxiety predicted 14 harmful intent attributions while interpersonal sensitivity predicted decreased harmful 15 intent attributions. In a third exploratory study we combined data sets to examine the 16 effect of paranoia on trial by trial attributional changes when playing fair and unfair 17dictators. Paranoia predicted a greater reduction in harmful intent attributions when 18 playing a fair but not unfair dictator, suggesting paranoia may also exaggerate the 19 volatility of beliefs about the harmful intent of others. 20 21

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“…Interpersonal sensitivity (increased awareness of and sensitivity to the emotions and behaviour of others) is a well-recognised mediator in the association between bullying and paranoid ideation. McDonnell et al (2017) demonstrated this association in 64 ultra-high-risk individuals, and Masillo et al (2017) replicated the finding in 147 help-seeking adolescents.…”

Section: Theoretical Explanations For the Association Between Bullyinmentioning

confidence: 61%

Bullying victimisation and psychosis: The interdependence and independence of risk trajectories

Catone¹,

Marwaha²,

Lennox³

et al. 2017

BJPsych advances

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SummaryA number of studies have noted an association between being the victim of bullying and psychotic symptoms. We offer an overview of the topic, focusing especially on a developmental perspective. We highlight the results of the latest studies on psychosis across the continuum and its relationship with bullying. Then we summarise the three main explanatory models investigated: developmental, biological and cognitive. We recommend that bullying in psychosis requires careful study of the developmental trajectories involved, and that research should now focus on how personal, social and biological factors interact.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Consider a spectrum of psychosis rather than a dichotomous concept of the disease (present/absent)•Understand that, by preventing bullying, it may also be possible to prevent the development of psychotic symptoms•Reflect that psychotherapy helps to integrate past stressful experiences with current symptoms, providing an alternative interpretation of them

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Interpersonal sensitivity in those at clinical high risk for psychosis mediates the association between childhood bullying victimisation and paranoid ideation: A virtual reality study

Abstract: The significant role played by interpersonal sensitivity in the association between being bullied in childhood and paranoid ideation in the clinical high risk group suggests that this could become a target for intervention.

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Paranoia, sensitization and social inference: findings from two large-scale, multi-round behavioural experiments

Paranoia, sensitization and social inference: findings from two large-scale, multi-round behavioural experiments

Paranoia, sensitisation and social inference: findings from two large-scale, multi-round behavioural experiments.

Bullying victimisation and psychosis: The interdependence and independence of risk trajectories

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