Interplay between zinc and cell proliferation and implications for the growth of livestock

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) plays a critical role in the growth of livestock, which depends on cell proliferation. In addition to modifying the growth associated with its effects on food intake, mitogenic hormones, signal transduction and gene transcription, Zn also regulates body weight gain through mediating cell proliferation. Zn deficiency in animals leads to growth inhibition, along with an arrest of cell cycle progression at G0/G1 and S phase due to depression in the expression of cyclin D/E and DNA synthesis. Therefore, in the present study, the interplay between Zn and cell proliferation and implications for the growth of livestock were reviewed, in which Zn regulates cell proliferation in several ways, especially cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase DNA synthesis and mitosis. During the cell cycle, the Zn transporters and major Zn binding proteins such as metallothioneins are altered with the requirements of cellular Zn level and nuclear translocation of Zn. In addition, calcium signaling, MAPK pathway and PI3K/Akt cascades are also involved in the process of Zn‐interfering cell proliferation. The evidence collected over the last decade highlights the necessity of Zn for normal cell proliferation, which suggests Zn supplementation should be considered for the growth and health of poultry.

Structurally diverse zinc(ii) complexes containing tripodal tetradentate phenoxido-amines with promising antiproliferative effects

“…96 In addition, calcium signaling, MAPK pathway and PI3K/Akt cascades were also associated with the process of Zn-interfering cell proliferation at similar conditions. 97 Complex 6 and its ligand H 2 L 6 caused negligible changes in the cell cycle of A2780 cells maintaining the most cells in the G0/G1 cell phase.…”

The nutritional roles of zinc for immune system and COVID-19 patients

“…According to a study, a lack of Zn during T cell maturation results in a 50% reduction in the transition from "potential" pre-T-cells to "effective" T cells. This is associated with an increased apoptosis of pre-T-cells (Figure2)(95). Some researchers hypothesize that Zn interacts with protein kinase C and the lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase.…”