Interpretation of cryogenic-temperature Charpy fracture initiation and propagation energies by microstructural evolution occurring during dynamic compressive test of austenitic Fe–(0.4,1.0)C–18Mn steels

Temperature Dependence of Deformation Behaviors in High Manganese Austenitic Steel for Cryogenic Applications

“…Although the SFE of the steel is as high as ~63.6 mJ/m 2 at 298 K, numerous mechanical twins can be observed in the 298 K steel, and the SHR curve also shows that the mechanical twinning has occurred. In general, the mechanical twinning can be activated for the SFE ranging from 15~20 to 40~50 mJ/m 2 [ 11 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], implying that a SFE of ~63.6 mJ/m 2 exceeds the upper limit of the SFE range for mechanical twinning. The reason for the activation of mechanical twinning in the 298 K steel is large grain size, which can sufficiently lower twinning stress [ 35 ].…”

“…Recently, high manganese austenitic steels were shown to act as a candidate cryogenic material for liquefied natural gas (LNG) transportation by ship and truck due to their extraordinary cryogenic mechanical properties and relatively low cost compared with conventional cryogenic materials [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Moreover, tensile and impact properties at room temperature and 77 K, as well as corresponding deformation mechanisms, were investigated in detail [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], indicating that these steels have potential applications in the LNG field, and they have been used in LNG tank building. However, there are few data on plastic properties of high manganese austenitic steels at a temperature as low as 4 K. These extremely cryogenic plastic properties determine whether they can be used in extremely cryogenic fields, such as liquid hydrogen and liquid helium.…”

Effect of Microstructure on Low-Temperature Fracture Toughness of a Submerged-Arc-Welded Low-Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Plate

“…These results indicate that the microstructure transformation under the influence of welding heat affects the transition of initiation and propagation energy, respectively, and it can be speculated that there is a correlation between the microstructure fraction and grain size. Figure 8 shows the force-displacement curves of the HAZs obtained at −60 • C. The total absorbed energy can be described as the sum of the crack initiation energy (E i ) and the crack propagation energy (E p ) [35][36][37][38]. There are several methods for analyzing instrumented data, and there are studies that it is reasonable to classify based on the midpoint between force at general yield and maximum force [39,40].…”

Influence of DIMT on impact toughness: Relationship between crack propagation and the α′-martensite morphology in austenitic steel

“…The high strain rates during the Charpy impact tests (10 2 -10 3 s − 1 ) make it hard to study the effect of DIMT on E i . Thus, the relationship between the E p and DIMT has been the main focus of previous studies [16,17], and it is often found that the decrease in deformation-induced ε/α ′ -martensite (DIM) results in an increase in E p [18][19][20][21]. In austenitic steels, the negative impact of DIM on toughness [22,23] demonstrates that the brittle DIMT products are the source of cracks or fast crack propagation in martensite or the martensite/austenite interface [24,25].…”