Interpreting the biochemical specificity of mouse spinal cord by confocal raman microspectral imaging

Gong, Yuze; Liang, Zhicheng; Yin, Yaning; Song, Jiwei; Hu, Xueyu; Wang, Kaige; He, Qian; Wang, Zhe; Bai, Jintao; Wang, Shuang

doi:10.1142/s1793545817430076

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The samples were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C. Transversal sections of 20 µm thickness were prepared on gold-coated slides for spectroscopic analysis (BioGold® 63479-AS, Electron Microscopy Sciences, USA), and exhibited a good spectral signal quality because of the substrate's low background signal contribution and reflective properties compared to transparent quartz substrates [37,38]. Consecutive 20-µm thick sections were prepared on glass slides and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained to provide direct comparison of the spectroscopic imaging results to histopathology.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saxena et al explored the possibility of using RS to study the demyelination and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) up-regulation after SCI [36]. Wang et al interpreted the biochemical specificity of spinal cord tissue from human and rat by using CRMI [37,38]. Ruberto further provided evidence that Raman spectral variations could be discernable during the chondroitinase ABC treatment of SCI [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Label-Free Spectral Imaging Unveils Biochemical Mechanisms of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Spinal Cord Injury

Gong

Wang

Liang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) leads to complex photochemical responses during the healing process of spinal cord injury (SCI). Confocal Raman Microspectral Imaging (in combination with multivariate analysis) was adopted to illustrate the underlying biochemical mechanisms of LLLT treatment on a SCI rat model. Methods: Using transversal tissue sections, the Raman spectra can identify areas neighboring the injury site, glial scar, cavity, and unharmed white matter, as well as their correlated cellular alterations, such as demyelination and up-regulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). Multivariate data analysis methods are used to depict the underlying therapeutic effects by highlighting the detailed content and distribution variations of the biochemical constituents. Results: It is confirmed that photon-tissue interactions might lead to a decay of the inhibitory response to remyelination by suppressing CSPG expression, as also morphologically demonstrated by reduced glial scar and cavity areas. An inter-group comparison semi-quantitatively confirms changes in lipids, phosphatidic acid, CSPGs, and cholesterol during SCI and its LLLT treatment, paving the way for in vitro and in vivo understanding of the biochemical changes accompanying pathobiological SCI events. Conclusion: The achieved results in this work not only have once again proved the well-known cellular mechanisms of SCI, but further illustrate the underlying biochemical variability during LLLT treatment, which provide a sound basis for developing real-time Raman methodologies to monitor the efficacy of the SCI LLLT treatment.

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Section: Sample Preparation and Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-Free Spectral Imaging Unveils Biochemical Mechanisms of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Spinal Cord Injury

Gong

Wang

Liang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…Wang et al . evidenced by confocal Raman imaging the variations of lipid content in grey and white matter and the higher degree of vascularization in grey matter in healthy human tissue using 633 nm excitation 12 , 13 . Specifically concerning ALS, a recent study appeared in which Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) was used to image the sciatic nerve (connected by ganglions to the spinal cord) in transgenic mouse models carrying the SOD1G93A gene associated with human ALS 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tissue degeneration in ALS affected spinal cord evaluated by Raman spectroscopy

Picardi

Spalloni

Generosi

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The Raman spectral features from spinal cord tissue sections of transgenic, ALS model mice and non-transgenic mice were compared using 457 nm excitation line, profiting from the favourable signal intensity obtained in the molecular fingerprint region at this wavelength. Transverse sections from four SOD1G93A mice at 75 days and from two at 90 days after birth were analysed and compared with sections of similarly aged control mice. The spectra acquired within the grey matter of tissue sections from the diseased mice is markedly different from the grey matter signature of healthy mice. In particular, we observe an intensity increase in the spectral windows 450–650 cm−1 and 1050–1200 cm−1, accompanied by an intensity decrease in the lipid contributions at ~1660 cm−1, ~1440 cm−1 and ~1300 cm−1. Axons demyelination, loss of lipid structural order and the proliferation and aggregation of branched proteoglycans are related to the observed spectral modifications. Furthermore, the grey and white matter components of the spinal cord sections could also be spectrally distinguished, based on the relative intensity of characteristic lipid and protein bands. Raman spectra acquired from the white matter regions of the SOD1G93A mice closely resembles those from control mice.

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“…6 Wang's group at Northwest University in China implemented confocal Raman microspectroscopy to investigate the biochemical speci¯city of spinal cord tissue. 7 Further, Jiaqi Wang and Ping Qiu introduced a time-lens based coherent Raman scattering microscopy for chemical imaging. 8 Yifan Yang and colleagues in Professor Minbiao Ji's group at Fudan University reviewed recent progress in stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy for brain tumor histology and broad applications in clinical diagnosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial

Wang

2017

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Photons with a great many tunable physical properties have been profoundly engaged in research of brain science in all aspects for more than a hundred years. Taking advantage of highly developed incoherent light sources, coherent lasers and short-pulse lasers, innovative optical tools including both instrumentations and strategies have signi¯cantly boosted comprehensive research on neural science within a very short period. Right before China launches its Brain Project (Chinese version of BRAIN -Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies) by the end of this year (2017), we are delighted to introduce to our readers a special issue on applications of bio-photonics in neuroscience and brain diseases.This special issue is intended to introduce 11 original research papers and review papers that cover applications including optogentics, Raman spectroscopy, stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, light sheet, laser speckle contrast imaging, super-resolution and other areas of brain research innovated by advanced optical tools.The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a persistent challenge for brain drug delivery. Many physical, chemical and biological methods are able to open BBB, but all of them have their limitations. Eketerina Borisova et al. successfully developed an optical approach based on photodynamic therapy (PDT) to break this physical barrier to access the central nervous system of brain.1 In the other paper from Alexey and his colleagues, the researchers applied laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) and multi-scale entropy (MSE) to image the blood°ow dynamics in a label-free manner.2 This optical tool also exhibited excellent capabilities in evaluating the dynamics of permeability of BBB as opened by sound exposure.Biological tissues are highly scattering for photons. In contrast to X-ray, MRI, and PET, interrogating photons or treatment light wave cannot travel very deep into the tissue, especially for brain tissues that contain largely lipids. The short penetration depth is a long-standing issue for optical brain imaging, photodynamic therapy, and other clinical applications. Ting Li et al. simulated light penetration by tuning the laser wavelength, beam shape and beam diameter through innovative high-realistic 3D Monte Carlo modeling.3 Long-wavelength infrared laser and near infrared laser (> 800 nm) are typically chosen to study most of the tissue samples. The research team at Tsinghua University applied a 465-nm laser to invoke optical compound action potentials (OCAPs) successfully by manipulating laser pulse energy and pulse duration.4 To obtain complete 3D structure of whole mouse brain, Prof. Peng Fei and his team at Huazhong University of Science and Technology combined chemical tissue clearance and light-sheet°uorescent microscopy (LSFM) for high-speed imaging.5 With much reduced tissue scattering, the LSFM achieved four times better spatial resolution as well as superior imaging quality. Despite the di±culties of 3D volume imaging, the astrocyte and pyramidal neurons together with det...

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Interpreting the biochemical specificity of mouse spinal cord by confocal raman microspectral imaging

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Label-Free Spectral Imaging Unveils Biochemical Mechanisms of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Spinal Cord Injury

Label-Free Spectral Imaging Unveils Biochemical Mechanisms of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Spinal Cord Injury

Tissue degeneration in ALS affected spinal cord evaluated by Raman spectroscopy

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