Intersegmental Kinematics of the Upper Cervical Spine

Lorente, Ana I.; Hidalgo-García, César; Rodríguez-Sanz, Jacobo; Maza, Mario; López-de-Celis, Carlos; Pérez‐Bellmunt, Albert

doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000004167

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…C0–C2ART only showed a moderate correlation with ACROM Rot. Lorente et al 64 reported less movement using a combination of rotation in flexion compared to axial rotation and rotation in extension in vitro . The most frequent coupled movements associated with UC rotation are contralateral side bending and extension 10 , 23 , 26 – 28 , 65 , 66 C0–C2ART uses axial rotation, which can limit the amount of UC rotation measured during the test and C0–C2ART correlation with ACROM Rot as UC coupled movements are not considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between age, sex and cervical and upper cervical rotation tests. Descriptive and correlational study in healthy volunteers

Zárate-Tejero

Hidalgo-García

Lucha-López

et al. 2023

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Background: Active cervical spine rotation (ACROM Rot) shows cervical rotation and flexion rotation test (FRT); side-bending rotation test (SBRT) and upper cervical axial rotation test (C0–C2ART) are described to measure upper cervical rotation. The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the normal range of motion (ROM) of ACROM Rot, and the ROM in FRT, SBRT and C0–C2ART tests; (2) to explore the correlation among the four tests and (3) to investigate the influence of age and sex in their ROM. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with healthy volunteers from 18 to 75 years of age. Tests were measured using a CROM device and a bubble inclinometer. Descriptive analysis was performed to establish normative data for the ROM tests. Correlation analysis was conducted to understand the relation between upper and global cervical rotation ROM and among the three upper cervical rotation tests. Linear regression models were developed to understand the influence of age and sex in the ROM of all tests. Results: Normative values were obtained from 122 healthy volunteers (50% male), by sex and age strata. The degree of correlation ranged between 0.582 ( p < 0.01) for FRT and ACROM Rot left and 0.217 ( p < 0.05) for SBRT and C0–C2ART left. Linear regression models showed the influence of sex for ACROM Rot right (men −4.64° less than women), SBRT (men −4.1° less than women) left and C0–C2ART right and left (men −2.24° and −1.78° less than women). The age influenced rotation ROM with a decrease for every 10 years of −2.11° and −1.96° for ACROM Rot right and left, of −1.72° and −1.26° for FRT right and left and −0.58° and −0.41° for C0–C2ART right and left in the linear regression models. No association was found between age and SBRT ( p = 0.63 for right SBRT and p = 0.49 for left SBRT). Conclusion: Weak-to-moderate correlation was found between the upper cervical spine rotation tests and with the ACROM. Women had a larger ROM in ACROM Rot right, SBRT left and C0–C2ART. Decreases in ROM related with age were observed for ACROM Rot, FRT and C0–C2ART but not for SBRT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between age, sex and cervical and upper cervical rotation tests. Descriptive and correlational study in healthy volunteers

Zárate-Tejero

Hidalgo-García

Lucha-López

et al. 2023

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Craniovertebral Junction

et al. 2023

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Research on pharyngeal bacterial flora in transoral atlantoaxial operation and the postoperative follow-up study

You

Zhou

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Objectives To study the changes of bacterial flora after a series of preoperative oral disinfection and the postoperative recovery of nerve function of patients with craniovertebral junction disorders who were treated with transoral approach operations. Methods This research analyzed 20 cases collected from October 2009 to May 2010. All these patients were with CVJ disorders, including 8 males and 12 females, aged 2 to 66 (38.1 on average), and they were all treated with transoral approach operations. The mucosa samples of the posterior pharyngeal wall were sent for bacteria culture. These samples were collected by sterile cotton swabs at four crucial points, including 3 days before operation/before gargling, 3 days after continuous gargling/after anesthesia intubation on the day of operation, after intraoperative cleaning and washing of the mouth, and after intraoperative iodophor immersion. The microflora was stained by means of smear and further counted after an investigation by microscope. The neural function of patients was evaluated by the ASIA classification and the JOA scores. All patients but two with posterior stabilization performed respectively underwent transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) fixation consecutively in the same sitting. A regular reexamination of cervical vertebra with lateral and open mouth X-ray, CT and MRI was conducted after operation to evaluate the reduction of atlantoaxial dislocation, internal fixation position, bone graft fusion, inflammatory lesions and tumor recurrence. Results This bacteriological research showed that the mucosa of the posterior pharyngeal wall of all the patients was in a sterile state after a series of oral preoperative preparations and intraoperative iodophor disinfection, which was considered as type I incision. The bacterial culture results of the mucosa samples of the posterior pharyngeal wall collected at different time points showed significant differences (χ2 = 42.762, P = 0.000). All the patients had improvement in ASIA, and their neural functions were improved to different levels after operation. There was a significant difference in JOA scores before and after operation (t = 8.677, P = 0.000). Postoperative imaging examination showed that the atlantoaxial screw position was good and firm, and the CVJ disorders were treated appropriately. Conclusion It is safe and effective to cut the posterior pharyngeal muscle layer and implant internal fixation by means of transoral approach.

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Intersegmental Kinematics of the Upper Cervical Spine

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Association between age, sex and cervical and upper cervical rotation tests. Descriptive and correlational study in healthy volunteers

Association between age, sex and cervical and upper cervical rotation tests. Descriptive and correlational study in healthy volunteers

Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Craniovertebral Junction

Research on pharyngeal bacterial flora in transoral atlantoaxial operation and the postoperative follow-up study

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