Interspecific Hybrid Verification of Plum × Apricot Hybrids Via Isozyme Analyses

Byrne, David; Littleton, T.G.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.24.1.132

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

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Apricots

Ledbetter

Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding

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Several dozen publicly-sponsored breeding programs around the world are developing new fresh market and processing apricot cultivars. Apricots have a more limited environmental range than other tree fruits, and therefore, many breeders are interested in broadening adaptations for specific growing regions. Plum Pox Virus resistance is a widely pursued objective and there are ongoing efforts to identify molecular markers that are closely linked to disease resistance. Fruit sugars, acids, pigments and volatile aromatic compounds are being quantified in newly bred and historically important cultivars. Researchers have identified and characterized several stylar ribonucleases associated with self-unfruitfulness. Molecular phylogenetic studies are examining the dispersion routes of apricot germplasm from its centers of origin to those cultivars currently in production. Although several linkage maps have been developed using diverse parents and a wide variety of molecular markers from apricot and other Prunus crops, the scarcity of documented monogenic characters in apricot limits the effectiveness of marker assisted selection for economically important traits.

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Apricots

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Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding

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Apricot

et al. 2011

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Apricot is in the Rosaceae family within the genus Prunus L., subgenus Prunophora Focke, and the section Armeniaca (Lam.) Koch. Depending on the classifi cation system, the number of apricot species ranges from 3 to 12. Six distinct species are usually recognized: P . brigantina Vill., P . holosericeae Batal, P . armeniaca L., P . mandshurica (Maxim), P . sibirica L., Japanese apricot P . mume (Sieb.) Sieb. & Succ. Vavilov placed apricot in three centers of origin: the Chinese center (Central and Western China), the Central Asiatic center (Afghanistan, northwest India and Pakistan, Kashmir, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Xinjing province in China and western Tien-Shan), and the Near-Eastern center (interior of Asia Minor). Kostina further divided the cultivated apricot according to their adaptability into four major ecogeographical groups : (1) the Central Asian group, (2) the Iran-Caucasian group, (3) the European group, and (4) the Dzhungar-Zailij group. Many local cultivars are grown in the different areas and producing countries; however, these cultivars lack important traits that needed by modern production and marketing systems. Breeding programs have and continue to develop cultivars with improved adaptability to the environment (temperature requirements, water defi cit), extension of the harvest season, fruit quality for fresh consumption and processing, productivity, adequate tree size, and resistance to biotic stresses. The major objectives in apricot breeding

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