Intervención breve para adolescentes que inician el consumo abusivo de alcohol y otras drogas: su eficacia en un escenario clínico

Introduction: the usage of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to treat psychological problems such as addictions, is a recent issue that has allowed the recognition that the use of this type of tools is effective towards the problem they claim to solve, in a similar way as traditional therapy treatments do. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of the Brief Intervention Program for Adolescents who Abuse Drugs (PIBA) and the Brief Advice in the Web Page modality regarding the barriers in the implementation of drug abuse treatments by the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: we started from a A-B-A single-case design with high school adolescent students who reported abusive use and associated consequences. The study consisted of four stages 1) evaluation, 2) admission, 3) PIBA or Brief Advice and 4) follow-up. Results: the results obtained showed a decrease in the pattern of alcohol consumption and an increase in self-efficacy to control consumption in various risk situations. Discussion and conclusions: the program provided the necessary tools for adolescents to maintain their consumption goal.

Section: Discussionunclassified

El uso de una página web como alternativa para el tratamiento del abuso de alcohol en adolescentes: un estudio de caso único

Villalpando

Martínez

Carreño-García

et al. 2021

“…Una posible desventaja de este estudio es que el CBCS se aplicó en un rango de edad amplio; sin embargo, los resultados sugieren una consistencia interna aceptable para su uso en adolescentes y adultos. En otras investigaciones se ha utilizado en adolescentes con edad promedio entre los 15 y los 16 años (Blanco Álvarez & Jiménez Morales, 2015;Martínez Martínez et al, 2008;Rodríguez Durán et al, 2017), o en población adulta (Chicharro Romero et al, 2007), con edad promedio de 35 años (Barragán Torres et al, 2005), de 39.8 años (Breslin et al, 2000, o edad promedio de 50 años (Sobell et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusiónunclassified

Validación del Cuestionario Breve de Confianza Situacional en muestra clínica con drogodependencia

Ortiz

Vega

2020

Introduction: many studies have concluded that self-efficacy is an essential variable within the area of drug addictions and a key to maintaining abstinence and preventing relapses. The Situational Confidence Questionnaire by Annis et al. (1987), is one of the most used instruments to measure self-efficacy and has had various modifications. The Brief Situational Confidence Questionnaire (CBCS), is the shortest version with only 8 items. Objective: to obtain the factor validity and reliability of the CBCS with a clinical sample in residential modality. Method: the study was carried out with a sample of 41 volunteers patients, adolescents, and adults interned in a residential rehabilitation center. The evaluation met the standards for the development and review of instrumental studies. Results: after carrying out the exploratory factor analysis, the eight original items were left within a single factor which explains 71.39% of the variance, with a factor load between the ranges of .76 and .91, and with an internal consistency of .941. Discussion and conclusions: the Brief Situational Confidence Questionnaire presents an internal consistency with high reliability and acceptable factor loads, such as was found in other studies. Therefore, its use in Mexico is suggested as an evaluation tool in a clinical setting, with patients who are interned in a rehabilitation center. It is recommended to carry out replications with more representative and randomly selected samples. Furthermore, it is suggested to include confirmatory factor analysis to obtain greater certainty in the results.

“…La adolescencia es una etapa importante en el desarrollo caracterizada por cambios físicos, psicológicos y sociales, a través de los cuales se puede alcanzar la madurez (Rodríguez et al, 2017). Constituye el periodo de transición entre la infancia y la adultez, entre los 10 y 19 años aproximadamente; durante este tiempo se suelen experimentar crisis, conflictos y contradicciones en la búsqueda de una mayor independencia psicológica y social (Gutiérrez et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Adaptación y validación de la prueba de detección de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y sustancias (ASSIST) en adolescentes mexicanos de una población semirrural

Casas-Muñoz¹,

Rojano²,

Abdalá³

2022

Introduction: the onset of substance use in adolescence could generate negative consequences in the future; for this reason it is recommended to have internationally standardized surveillance systems in adolescents, especially the most vulnerable without easy access to health or protection services such as those in a semi-rural context. Objective: to adapt and validate the ASSIST (Detection of Alcohol, Tobacco and Substance Consumption) screening test and to determine the prevalence of consumption in a sample of Mexican adolescents from a semi-rural community. Method: cross-sectional study in two public schools of the municipality of Malinalco, Mexico, the adapted version of ASSIST was applied with 8 reagents that identifies 10 substances and the need for brief psychotherapy, to adolescents from 11 to 19 years. Results: 229 students participated, 61% women, 19.3% secondary, 76.8% high school and 3.9% out of school. The test had adequate reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha = .84) and a correctly adjusted factorial structure [X2(7) = 3.18, p = .86, CFI = 1, RMSEA = 0]. The prevalence of consumption were Tobacco 27%, Alcohol 50%, Cannabis 13%, Cocaine 8%, Stimulants 6%, Inhalants 2%, Tranquilizers 3%, Hallucinogens 4%, Opiates 2% and Others 2%; of these 30% were in high school and 17% required brief psychotherapy. Discussion and conclusions: the version adapted with culturally relevant content is reliable and valid, with a structure that coincides with the original, can be used in research, diagnosis and intervention to generate information that helps plan strategies to improve the health of the adolescent population.