Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation

Abstract

Analysis 7.2. Comparison 7 All types of antidepressant versus placebo for smoking cessation: weight change, Outcome 2 Mean weight change (kg) at end of treatment: dose response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis 7.3. Comparison 7 All types of antidepressant versus placebo for smoking cessation: weight change, Outcome 3 Mean weight change

The Effect of Smoking Cessation on Body Weight and Other Metabolic Parameters with Focus on People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Furthermore, longer courses of NRT were not associated with reduced weight gain at 12 months and there was no significant dose dependent difference in weight gain at the end of treatment or at 12 months [ 148 ]. The cited review was updated recently and concluded that there was moderate-certainty evidence that NRT reduced weight at the end of treatment and that the effect may be similar at 12 months [ 149 ]. Another network-meta-analysis reported that nicotine patches in combination with other medications, and especially fluoxetine, had superior efficacy in controlling PSCWG than placebo treatment, and that nicotine patch 14 mg plus fluoxetine 40 mg treatment might be one of the best options for patients with obesity and nicotine dependence.…”

“…This report suggested that, of all three licensed medications, bupropion has the largest effect on weight gain. However, there is no strong evidence that bupropion reduces weight gain in the long-term [ 148 , 149 ]. Bupropion increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, similar to the effects of nicotine, providing a potential mechanism of weight control [ 9 ], decreases the nicotine-reward threshold and attenuates the effect of food reward [ 157 ].…”

Body-Weight Gain in Women During Smoking Cessation Is a Sex-Specific Predictor of 6-Month Abstinence: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Metanalysis concluded that pharmacological interventions limited the short-term weight gain during smoking cessation. However, there are no clinically effective interventions to restrict long-term weight gain currently (39).…”

The Dynamic Interplay of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors for Cardiovascular Health

“…Increases in caloric intake, appetite, and weight following smoking cessation have been commonly reported and may reduce abstinence [ 63 ]. A recent Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of 83 trials examining intervention designed to aid smoking cessation (e.g., diet, exercise, nicotine replacement therapies) found that exercise reduced weight gain (mean difference − 2.07 kg [95% CI − 3.78 to − 0.36]) at 12 months but not immediately following the interventions [ 64 ]. Mean difference in personalized weight management support (i.e., very low-calorie diet, diet education) showed no differences in weight reduction.…”