Interventions for treating painful nipples among breastfeeding women

Abstract

There was insufficient evidence that glycerine gel dressings, breast shells with lanolin, lanolin alone, or the all-purpose nipple ointment significantly improved maternal perceptions of nipple pain. The results from these four trials of good methodological quality suggested that applying nothing or just expressed breast milk may be equally or more beneficial in the short-term experience of nipple pain than the application of an ointment such as lanolin.The quality of the evidence for this review did not lead to robust conclusions regarding the objectives assessed. We included only four trials, incorporating 656 women, in the review and all four trials compared varying interventions, participants, study outcome measures, and standards of usual care. The methodological quality of the included studies was good but the overall quality of the evidence for the primary outcome of nipple pain was of low quality, mainly because single studies with few participants contributed data for analysis.

Acompanhamento fonoaudiológico do aleitamento materno em recém-nascidos nas primeiras horas de vida

“…It is important to emphasize that the correct accomplishment of the RN handgrip in the breast implies a reduction of crack processes in the nozzles (8) . The fact that the present research does not show statistically significant differences regarding the nozzles (worsening in their condition, as reported in the literature (8,11) ) could be attributed to the speech-language intervention with breastfeeding, in the first hours of life, a period in which these problems can be more easily prevented. (42) 3 (9) 24 (18) 1 (3) 16 (12) M-H = Mantel-Haenszel Test (p<0.05); LTR = Likelihood Ratio Test for the longitudinal logistic model (p<0.05) Subtitle: <24h = Group 1-Group formed by newborn-born dyads (NBs), whose newborn was less than 24 hours postnatal at the time of initial observation; > 24h = G2 -Group formed by dyads mothers-NBs, whose NB was postnatal age greater than or equal to 24 hours, at the time of the initial observation; Dependent = Post Natal age (24h) X Moments (baseline, speech therapy or follow-up) Subtitle: <24h = Group 1-Group formed by newborn-born dyads (NBs), whose newborn was less than 24 hours postnatal at the time of initial observation; > 24h = G2 -Group formed by dyads mothers-NBs, whose NB was postnatal age greater than or equal to 24 hours, at the time of the initial observation; Dependent = Post Natal age (24h) X Moments (baseline, speech therapy or follow-up)…”

“…The literature (11,23,24) reported that the anatomical and physiological conditions of breasts and beaks may influence the effectiveness of breastfeeding, since nipple trauma, regorgement, incomplete emptying of the breasts and cracks cause pain and discomfort, interfering with well-being and sensation of pleasure of the nurse.…”

“…However, early weaning rates are still alarming in developing countries (10) . The breastfeeding evaluation allows the health professional to identify anatomical and physiological aspects of the mother--NB that lead to failure of breastfeeding, such as nipple trauma, ineffective sucking pattern, inadequate grasp, and incoordination of suction-swallowing-breathing movements (3,11) . Sleep can also negatively interfere with breastfeeding readiness, rhythm maintenance and suction force support, since healthy newborns sleep on average 90% of the time in the first days of life (12,13) .…”

“…The identification of the risk factors for failure to breastfeed contributes to the definition of behaviors to be used in the management, as well as to delimit which specific knowledge is important to be emphasized among the population (3) . The literature refers to studies carried out with the aim of identifying risk factors for breastfeeding, discussing aspects involving anatomy (3,9,14) , physiology (1,3,9,11,14) , social and cultural issues (1,3,10,14,15) . However, the effects of the speech-language interventions performed through the follow-up of the breastfeeding in the mother-RN dyads have not been discussed.…”

Prevention of Nipple Cracks of the Mammary Gland in the Early Postnatal Period

“…Снижение травматизации соска позволяет сущест-венно минимизировать риски его инфицирования во время лактации, предотвращает развитие лактостазов и, как следствие, отказ от грудного вскармливания [16][17][18][19]. Про лон гирование периода лактации в настоящее вре-мя рассматривается не только как профилактическая мера для снижения случаев онкологических заболева-ний у женщин в последующем (рак молочной железы, доброкачественные новообразования молочной желе-зы), но и как фактор существенного влияния на здоровье и дальнейшее развитие ребенка [20][21][22].…”