Intestinal Complication With Myxomatous Mitral Valve Diseases in Chihuahuas

Araki, Ryuji; Iwanaga, Koji; Ueda, Kazunori; Isaka, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.777579

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…It has been suggested that heart failure due to long-term MMVD can cause decreased blood flow throughout the body, leading to ischemic injury to vital organs such as the kidney and pancreas ( 15 – 17 ). We clarified the intestinal complications of MMVD using intestinal mucosal injury markers (I-FABP and D-Lactate) ( 18 ). To further understand the intestinal complications of MMVD, we investigated the fecal samples from MMVD-affected and healthy Chihuahuas using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to reveal the intestinal microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota Between Healthy and MMVD Chihuahuas Using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

et al. 2022

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Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common cause of congestive heart failure in dogs, and although complications of MMVD to the lungs and kidneys have been identified, complications to the gut are less well understood. The intestinal microbiota is an important factor in the gut, and although the association between heart disease and the intestinal microbiota has been shown in human medicine, it is unknown in dogs. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between MMVD and gut microbiota. A total of 69 healthy Chihuahuas and Chihuahuas with MMVD were evaluated for cardiac health by echocardiography and chest radiography and grouped according to ACVIM guidelines. Fecal samples were collected from all cases and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to reveal the intestinal microbiota. There were significant differences in LA/Ao, LVIDd, E vel, VHS, and VLAS with the severity of ACVIM. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the diversity and composition of gut microbiota among the groups. The present study did not identify the effects of MMVD on the gut microbiota.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota Between Healthy and MMVD Chihuahuas Using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

et al. 2022

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Quantification of Mitral Valve Regurgitation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and Chihuahuas Using Radius of Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area

Koch,

Engeland,

Willesen

et al. 2024

Animals

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) resulting from myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a prevalent condition in dogs, particularly smaller breeds like Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs) and Chihuahuas (CHHs). An accurate assessment of MR severity is essential for effective treatment and disease monitoring, yet a standardized method has yet to be established. In this retrospective study, we evaluated 124 client-owned dogs diagnosed with MMVD, including 64 CKCSs and 60 CHHs. Dogs were categorized into three stages: asymptomatic (B1), remodeled (B2), and congestive heart failure (CHF, C). The MR severity was quantified using the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method, specifically focusing on the PISA radius (PISA-r). The PISA-r measurements exhibited significant increases across disease stages and demonstrated strong correlations with echocardiographic parameters (ranging from 0.83 to 0.94), including the left atrial size and left ventricular internal diameter. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed the high sensitivity and specificity of PISA-r in classifying disease stages, establishing optimal cut-off values. The method displayed excellent repeatability (interobserver variability: 0.95) and reproducibility (intraobserver variability: 0.97). In conclusion, the PISA method, specifically PISA-r, was reliable for assessing MR severity in dogs with MMVD. By simplifying the diagnosis and management of MR, this research can potentially improve the life and management of MMVD-affected dogs.

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Intestinal Complication With Myxomatous Mitral Valve Diseases in Chihuahuas

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota Between Healthy and MMVD Chihuahuas Using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota Between Healthy and MMVD Chihuahuas Using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

Quantification of Mitral Valve Regurgitation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and Chihuahuas Using Radius of Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area

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