Intestinal histomorphology in Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum fed bovine colostrum as source of protein and bioactive peptides

Abstract

Histological responses of the intestine are key for evaluating nutritional value of feed ingredients, since the organ is not only the chief site of feed digestion and nutrient absorption but also plays an important immunological function. Histomorphological alterations were evaluated in the intestine of juvenile striped catfish, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, fed diets containing 0 (control), 10 or 20% inclusion of lyophilized bovine colostrum (LBC), as source of protein or bioactive peptides, for either 30 or 60 days. Fish fed 20LBC presented at 60d a distinct pattern of macrophages and, some of them, higher number of vacuoles in rectum mucosa. The thickness of the muscle layer (TML) in fish fed diets with LBC was higher in the first portion of medium intestine than fish fed 0LBC. All fish presented significant increase of TML in the second portion of medium intestine along feeding period, but fish fed 20LBC had smaller values of TML than those of fish fed 0 and 10LBC which might be related to the higher intestinal coefficient found for this group. The TML of rectum was higher just for fish fed 10LBC. Dietary LBC altered morphometrical features of juvenile striped catfish intestine and possibly induced inflammatory reaction in the rectal mucosa, as a function of level of inclusion, feeding period and segment of intestine analyzed. Key words: gut absorption, histology, mammal protein, lyophilized bovine colostrum, striped catfish Histomorfologia intestinal de Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum alimentado com colostro bovino como fonte de proteína e peptídeos bioativos RESUMO: Respostas histológicas do intestino são fundamentais para avaliar o valor nutritivo de ingredientes alimentares, uma vez que o órgão não é só o principal local de digestão e absorção dos nutrientes, mas também exerce uma importante função imunológica. Alterações histomorfológicas foram avaliadas no intestino de juvenis de cachara, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, alimentado com dietas contendo 0 (controle), 10 e 20% de inclusão de colostro bovino liofilizado (CBL) como fonte de proteína e peptídeos bioativos, aos 30 e 60 dias. Aos 60 dias, peixes alimentados com 20CBL apresentaram macrófagos de aspecto distinto e alguns, uma grande concentração de vacúolos na mucosa retal. A espessura da camada muscular (ECM) em peixes alimentados com CBL foi maior na primeira porção do intestino médio em relação àqueles alimentados com 0CBL. Ao longo do período experimental, todos os peixes mostraram aumento significativo na ECM na segunda porção do intestino médio, entretanto peixes do grupo 20CBL tiveram menores valores para a ECM do que os demais, o que pode estar relacionado com o maior coeficiente intestinal encontrado para este grupo. A ECM no reto foi maior apenas para os peixes alimentados com 10CBL. A inclusão de CBL na dieta do cachara alterou características morfométricas do intestino e, possivelmente, induziu uma reação inflamatória na mucosa retal em função do nível de inclusão, período de alimentação e porção do intestino analisada. Palavras-chave:...

Growth performance of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) and dourado (Salminus brasiliensis) fed with lyophilized bovine colostrum

“…Thus, other sources of protein with high quality and good market availability need to be explored. Bovine colostrum has high levels of nutrients, containing approximately 41-140 g L À1 of crude protein and 39-44 g L À1 of fat, for this reason, it has been investigated as an alternative management for several species, including sheep, goats, pigs, rodents and fish (Huguet, S eve, Le Dividich & Le Hu€ erou-Luron 2006;Boudry & Thewis 2009;Lima, Pauletti, Susin & Machado-Neto 2009;Moretti, Kindlein, Pauletti & Machado-Neto 2010;Rodrigues, Pauletti, Kindlein, Delgado, Cyrino & Machado-Neto 2010;Bodammer, Maletzki, Waitz & Emmrich 2011;Moretti, Nordi, Lima, Pauletti, Susin & Machado-Neto 2012).…”

Distribution of goblet and endocrine cells in the intestine: A comparative study in Amazonian freshwater Tambaqui and hybrid catfish

“…It is underlined by the submucosa, the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, and the outer serosa (Matos, Oliveira, Gomes, & Silva, 2017). Hybrid catfish differs on the absence of submucosa layer (Rodrigues et al, 2010).…”

Intestinal epithelium of juvenile douradoSalminus brasiliensis(Cuvier, 1816) fed diet with lyophilized bovine colostrum

“…Muscle layer thickness has been related to the segment, species, feeding habits and concentration of protein in the diet (Cao & Wang ; Makino ). Rodrigues, Pauletti, Kindlein, Cyrino, Delgado and Machado‐Neto () observed that the inclusion of lyophilized bovine colostrum in the diet of juveniles of cacharas P. fasciatum for either 30 or 60 days, fed to apparent satiation, twice daily, observed effect of LBC in three segments of the intestine. In the present study, fish from different treatments did not display differences in muscle indicating that the colostrum, lacteal secretion rich in bioactive factors as IGF‐I and EGF‐I, did not influence the development of muscular layer of juvenile dourado.…”