Intestinal microbiome in children with severe and complicated acute viral gastroenteritis

Chen, Shih Yen; Tsai, Chia-Lung; Lee, Yun Shien; Lin, Chun Yuan; Huang, Kuan Yeh; Chao, Hsun Chin; Lai, Ming‐Wei; Chiu, Cheng Hsun

doi:10.1038/srep46130

Cited by 65 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This investigation showed that the increased abundance of this bacterial taxon within this enterotype was unlikely to be due to the causative agent itself, given that isolates from confirmed cases of viral infection and non-Gammaproteobacteria bacterial infection were also classified within this enterotype. This is supported by a recent study that reported a significant increase in the richness of Enterobacteriaceae in morecomplicated cases of acute viral gastroenteritis compared to that in mild-to-moderate cases (8). We also observed that a more stringent analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences allowed the further differentiation of Escherichia-Shigella.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Gut Microbiome Analysis Identifies Potential Etiological Factors in Acute Gastroenteritis

et al. 2018

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The morbidity and mortality resulting from acute gastroenteritis and associated chronic sequelae represent a substantial burden on health care systems worldwide. Few studies have investigated changes in the gut microbiome following an episode of acute gastroenteritis. By using nondirected 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, the fecal microbiota of 475 patients with acute gastroenteritis was examined. Patient age was correlated with the overall microbial composition, with a decrease in the abundance of being observed in older patients. We observed the emergence of a potential-dominated enterotype in a subset of patients, and this enterotype was predicted to be more proinflammatory than the other common enterotypes, with the latter being dominated by or The increased abundance of did not appear to be associated with infection with an agent of a similar sequence similarity. Stool color and consistency were associated with the diversity and composition of the microbiome, with deviations from the norm (not brown and solid) showing increases in the abundances of bacteria such as and Analysis of enriched outliers within the data identified a range of genera previously associated with gastrointestinal diseases, including, ,, ,, ,, and Our data represent the first in-depth analysis of gut microbiota in acute gastroenteritis. Phenotypic changes in stool color and consistency were associated with specific changes in the microbiota. Enriched bacterial taxa were detected in cases where no causative agent was identified by using routine diagnostic tests, suggesting that in the future, microbiome analyses may be utilized to improve diagnostics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Gut Microbiome Analysis Identifies Potential Etiological Factors in Acute Gastroenteritis

et al. 2018

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“…Another researcher found a significant negative linkage between Bifidobacterium and abdominal pain in adults with acute viral gastroenteritis. However, the above correlation cannot be copied in fecal samples of children with acute viral gastroenteritis (16). The possible explanation may be that the species and amounts of Bifidobacterium in the infant microbiota is not stable and alternates swiftly in comparison with adult microbiota (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fecal Microbiota, Lactic Acid and Short Chain Fatty Levels of Infants Following Rotavirus Infection Revealed by Illumina Miseq High-Throughput Sequencing and HPLC Method

Huang

Nevin

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Rotavirus (RV) is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis in infants. It is indispensable to demonstrate the relationship between the diversity and richness of gut microbiota and RV infection using more accurate and effective technology. Objectives: To investigate the differences in fecal microbiota, lactic acid, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels between rotaviralinduced diarrhea (RD) infants and healthy (H) infants. Methods: The infants comprised of 25 infants aged few days to six months, who were in good health (n = 12) or diagnosed with rotavirus (n = 13). Fecal matter was analyzed with Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique targeting the 16s rRNA gene V3-V4 region. Lactic acids and SCFAs were measured by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Results: Compared to H infants, the fecal samples in RD infants had lower Shannon diversity index and the bacteria richness (P < 0.05). A higher proportion of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Klebsiella, and lower abundances of Actinobacteria and Knoellia (P < 0.05) were detected in fecal samples of RD infants. The total SCFAs content of fecal samples showed no distinction between RD and H infants, yet lower levels of lactic acid were observed in fecal samples of RD infants. Conclusions: Rotaviral infection in infants led to an alteration of fecal microbiota and lactic acid concentration compared with healthy infants. Fecal microbiota and metabolite may advance the understanding and treatment of RD.

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“…Severe diarrhoea in AGE has a direct impact on the gut microbiome and causes a significant reduction in intestinal microbial diversity (Chen et al, 2017). A recent study characterising the microbiota of children with AGE has shown that greater microbiotal diversity correlates with faster clinical improvement.…”

Section: Acute Gastroenteritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and infection prevention: making space for probiotics in healthcare

Naghibi¹,

Day²

2018

Gastrointestinal Nursing

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The human microbiome plays a vital role in patients' susceptibility to infections. A change to the composition of the microbiome-be it a change in the presence or abundance of microbial species or the introduction of new pathogens-may result in dysbiosis, which has been identified in patients with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). Probiotics can ameliorate dysbiosis, and there is extensive research into their use in AGE and AAD. Recently, national and international bodies-inlcuding the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS)-have recommended the use of probiotics in the treatment of AGE and the prevention of AAD and Clostridium difficile infections (CDI). Also, there is emerging evidence suggesting that the perioperative use of probiotics in elective surgery can reduce rates of surgical infections (SI) and reduce the need for postoperative antibiotics. A growing body of evidence suggests that probiotics should be considered as an adjunct to standard protocols in AGE, AAD, CDI and SI, and this review summarises recent developments in probiotic research in these conditions.

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Intestinal microbiome in children with severe and complicated acute viral gastroenteritis

Cited by 65 publications

References 28 publications

Gut Microbiome Analysis Identifies Potential Etiological Factors in Acute Gastroenteritis

Gut Microbiome Analysis Identifies Potential Etiological Factors in Acute Gastroenteritis

Fecal Microbiota, Lactic Acid and Short Chain Fatty Levels of Infants Following Rotavirus Infection Revealed by Illumina Miseq High-Throughput Sequencing and HPLC Method

Microbiota and infection prevention: making space for probiotics in healthcare

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