Intestinal microbiota in various animals

Xiong, Wei

doi:10.1111/1749-4877.12633

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Gut microbiota is composed of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and archaea in the gastrointestinal tract, and their interactions with the host have been extensively investigated [ 15 ]. Gut microbiota is involved in many behavioral and physiological processes of the host [ 16 , 17 ], including aggressive behavior [ 14 ], the secretion of reproductive hormones (such as T and MT) [ 18 – 20 ], spermatogenesis [ 21 ], and physiological metabolism [ 22 , 23 ]. Dysbiosis of the microbial communities has been associated with male infertility in humans [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota is associated with the effect of photoperiod on seasonal breeding in male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Microbiome

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Background Seasonal breeding in mammals has been widely recognized to be regulated by photoperiod, but the association of gut microbiota with photoperiodic regulation of seasonal breeding has never been investigated. Results In this study, we investigated the association of gut microbiota with photoperiod-induced reproduction in male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) through a long-day and short-day photoperiod manipulation experiment and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment. We found photoperiod significantly altered reproductive hormone and gene expression levels, and gut microbiota of voles. Specific gut microbes were significantly associated with the reproductive hormones and genes of voles during photoperiod acclimation. Transplantation of gut microbes into recipient voles induced similar changes in three hormones (melatonin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone) and three genes (hypothalamic Kiss-1, testicular Dio3, and Dio2/Dio3 ratio) to those in long-day and short-day photoperiod donor voles and altered circadian rhythm peaks of recipient voles. Conclusions Our study firstly revealed the association of gut microbiota with photoperiodic regulation of seasonal breeding through the HPG axis, melatonin, and Kisspeptin/GPR54 system. Our results may have significant implications for pest control, livestock animal breeding, and human health management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota is associated with the effect of photoperiod on seasonal breeding in male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Microbiome

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“…Among these, bacteria are the most prominent microorganism, with 150-fold more genes than the human genome (Qin et al, 2010). Bacteria within the microbiome secrete a range of enzymes that modulate diverse host functions, such as metabolism of indigestible carbohydrates, production of vitamins, reproduction and differentiation of the intestinal epithelium, regulation of the immune system, and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis (Zimmermann et al, 2019;Casertano et al, 2021), which help hosts adapt various environments (Xiong, 2022). Clinical evidence has shown that the composition of intestinal microbiota is different between patients with various diseases and the healthy population (Bäumler and Sperandio, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in intestinal microbiota and metabolites in individuals with Down syndrome and their correlation with inflammation and behavior disorders in mice

Cai

Lin²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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The intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolome have been shown to play a vital role in human health, and can be affected by genetic and environmental factors. We found that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) had abnormal serum cytokine levels indicative of a pro-inflammatory environment. We investigated whether these individuals also had alterations in the intestinal microbiome. High-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples from 17 individuals with DS and 23 non-DS volunteers revealed a significantly higher abundance of Prevotella, Escherichia/Shigella, Catenibacterium, and Allisonella in individuals with DS, which was positively associated with the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. GC-TOF-MS-based fecal metabolomics identified 35 biomarkers (21 up-regulated metabolites and 14 down-regulated metabolites) that were altered in the microbiome of individuals with DS. Metabolic pathway enrichment analyses of these biomarkers showed a characteristic pattern in DS that included changes in valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation; synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; tyrosine metabolism; lysine degradation; and the citrate cycle. Treatment of mice with fecal bacteria from individuals with DS or Prevotella copri significantly altered behaviors often seen in individuals with DS, such as depression-associated behavior and impairment of motor function. These studies suggest that changes in intestinal microbiota and the fecal metabolome are correlated with chronic inflammation and behavior disorders associated with DS.

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“…Gut microbiota can be seen as a virtual organ whose existence is indispensable to the life of the host (Gravitz, 2012). Termites possess a wide variety of gut symbionts, including but not limited to bacteria, protists, and fungi, which play many important roles in physiological and biochemical processes such as social alarm, hygienic responses, metabolic capacity, and immunity (Xiong, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic dissection of termite gut microbiota following entomopathogenic fungal infection

et al. 2023

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Termites are social insects that live in the soil or in decaying wood, where exposure to pathogens should be common. However, these pathogens rarely cause mortality in established colonies. In addition to social immunity, the gut symbionts of termites are expected to assist in protecting their hosts, though the specific contributions are unclear. In this study, we examined this hypothesis in Odontotermes formosanus, a fungus-growing termite in the family Termitidae, by 1) disrupting its gut microbiota with the antibiotic kanamycin, 2) challenging O. formosanus with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii, and finally 3) sequencing the resultant gut transcriptomes. As a result, 142531 transcripts and 73608 unigenes were obtained, and unigenes were annotated following NR, NT, KO, Swiss-Prot, PFAM, GO, and KOG databases. Among them, a total of 3,814 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between M. robertsii infected termites with or without antibiotics treatment. Given the lack of annotated genes in O. formosanus transcriptomes, we examined the expression profiles of the top 20 most significantly differentially expressed genes using qRT-PCR. Several of these genes, including APOA2, Calpain-5, and Hsp70, were downregulated in termites exposed to both antibiotics and pathogen but upregulated in those exposed only to the pathogen, suggesting that gut microbiota might buffer/facilitate their hosts against infection by finetuning physiological and biochemical processes, including innate immunity, protein folding, and ATP synthesis. Overall, our combined results imply that stabilization of gut microbiota can assist termites in maintaining physiological and biochemical homeostasis when foreign pathogenic fungi invade.

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Intestinal microbiota in various animals

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Gut microbiota is associated with the effect of photoperiod on seasonal breeding in male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)

Gut microbiota is associated with the effect of photoperiod on seasonal breeding in male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)

Alterations in intestinal microbiota and metabolites in individuals with Down syndrome and their correlation with inflammation and behavior disorders in mice

Transcriptomic dissection of termite gut microbiota following entomopathogenic fungal infection

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