Intestinal microbiota transplantation reveals the role of microbiota in dietary regulation of RegIIIβ and RegIIIγ expression in mouse intestine

Udomsopagit, Teranart; Miwa, Akiho; Seki, Manami; Shimbori, Emiko; Kadota, Yasuhiro; Tochio, Takumi; Sonoyama, Kei

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.150

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Randomization of mice to each group was carried out using a computerized random number generator (www.random.org), and investigators were not blinded to treatment. The dose of indigestible saccharides was set according to our previous study (14), in which 4% KES supplementation of the drinking water increased cecal Bifidobacterium spp. in mice.…”

Section: Experimental Design (Supplementary Materials)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumption of indigestible saccharides and administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum reduce mucosal serotonin in murine colonic mucosa

et al. 2021

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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increase serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) synthesis and content in the colon in vitro and ex vivo, but little is known in vivo. We tested whether dietary indigestible saccharides, utilized as a substrate to produce SCFAs by gut microbiota, would increase colonic 5-HT content in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a purified diet and water supplemented with 4% (w/v) 1-kestose (KES) for 2 weeks. Colonic 5-HT content and enterochromaffin (EC) cell numbers were lower in mice supplemented with KES than those without supplementation, while monoamine oxidase A activity and mRNA levels of Tph1, Chga, Slc6a4 and Maoa genes in the colonic mucosa, serum 5-HT concentration and total 5-HT content in the colonic contents did not differ between groups. Cecal acetate concentration and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum population were higher in KES-supplemented mice. Similar trends were observed in mice supplemented with other indigestible saccharides, i.e., fructooligosaccharides, inulin and raffinose. Intragastric administration of live B. pseudolongum (108 colony-forming units/day) for 2 weeks reduced colonic 5-HT content and EC cell numbers. These results suggest that changes in synthesis, reuptake, catabolism and overflow of 5-HT in the colonic mucosa are not involved in the reduction of colonic 5-HT content by dietary indigestible saccharides in mice. We propose that gut microbes including B. pseudolongum could contribute to the reduction of 5-HT content in the colonic mucosa via diminishing EC cells.

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Section: Experimental Design (Supplementary Materials)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gut microbiota was analyzed as previously described (14,16). DNA was isolated from a piece of fresh feces and whole cecal contents in each mouse using a QIAamp DNA Stool Mini kit (Qiagen, Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of indigestible saccharides and administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum reduce mucosal serotonin in murine colonic mucosa

et al. 2021

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“…Messenger RNA expression was analyzed as previously described [ 9 ]. Total RNA was isolated from liver tissue, mWAT samples, and cultured cells using a ReliaPrep RNA Tissue Miniprep System (Promega Japan, Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local free fatty acids trigger the expression of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in murine white adipose tissue

Seki

Miwa

Ohsaka

et al. 2022

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) is an acute-phase protein mainly produced by hepatocytes, it has also been proposed to be a pro-inflammatory adipokine.Obesity and the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) are reportedly associated with elevated levels of LPS in plasma and free fatty acids (FFAs) in white adipose tissue (WAT). We examined whether circulating LPS or local FFAs are responsible for the HFD-induced increase of LBP in WAT. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal-fat diet (NFD) or an HFD. The mRNA levels in the liver and mesenteric WAT (mWAT), total FFA content in mWAT, and LBP and LPS concentrations in plasma were determined. The Lbp mRNA level in mWAT was higher in mice fed the HFD than in those fed the NFD for 3, 7, or 28 days or 14 weeks, whereas the hepatic Lbp mRNA level did not differ between the groups. The Lbp mRNA level in mWAT was also increased by the HFD in germ-free mice, which do not have gut microbiota, the source of LPS. The plasma LPS level did not show a significant correlation with the mWAT Lbp mRNA level. The total FFA content in mWAT was higher in mice fed the HFD than in those fed the NFD and positively correlated with the Lbp mRNA level. Supplementation with palmitic acid increased the Lbp mRNA level in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We propose that local FFAs, but not circulating LPS, are the trigger for increased Lbp expression in mWAT of mice fed the HFD.

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“…Flagellin of symbiotic microbiome also played an antibacterial role through the TLR5-regIIIγ pathway. RegIIIγ is an antibacterial peptide of the C-type lectin family expressed in the intestine, 69 which is synthesized by IECs. RegIIIγ can exert direct antibacterial activity by specifically binding to bacterial peptidoglycan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RegIIIγ can exert direct antibacterial activity by specifically binding to bacterial peptidoglycan. 69 Studies have shown that the RegIIIγ expression requires the activation of the TLR-MyD88-mediated signaling pathway in IECs when in intestinal homeostasis, which is directly activated by microbial products released by the intestinal microbiome. RegIIIγ expression may affect mucosal homeostasis and sensitivity to intestinal G+ pathogens through the composition of a symbiotic microbiome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TLR5 Signaling in the Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity

Feng¹,

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

JIR

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Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is a pattern recognition receptor that specifically recognizes flagellin and consequently plays a crucial role in the control of intestinal homeostasis by activating innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR5 overexpression, on the other hand, might disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier, which serves as the first line of defense against harmful microbes. The intestine symbiotic bacteria, mucous layer, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), adherens junctions (such as tight junctions and peripheral membrane proteins), the intestinal mucosal immune system, and cytokines make up the intestinal mucosal barrier. Impaired barrier function has been linked to intestinal illnesses such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a persistent non-specific inflammatory illness of the digestive system with an unknown cause. It is now thought to be linked to infection, environment, genes, immune system, and the gut microbiota. The significance of immunological dysfunction in IBD has received more attention in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to explore TLR5’s position in the intestinal mucosal barrier and its relevance to IBD.

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Intestinal microbiota transplantation reveals the role of microbiota in dietary regulation of RegIIIβ and RegIIIγ expression in mouse intestine

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Consumption of indigestible saccharides and administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum reduce mucosal serotonin in murine colonic mucosa

Consumption of indigestible saccharides and administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum reduce mucosal serotonin in murine colonic mucosa

Local free fatty acids trigger the expression of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in murine white adipose tissue

TLR5 Signaling in the Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity

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