Intestinal Microecology of Mice Exposed to TiO2 Nanoparticles and Bisphenol A

Abstract

Exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous, especially through dietary and other environmental pathways. In the present study, adult C57BL/6J mice were exposed to TiO2 NPs (100 mg/kg), BPA (0, 5, and 50 mg/kg), or their binary mixtures for 13 weeks. The 16S rDNA amplification sequence analysis revealed that co-exposure to TiO2 NPs and BPA altered the intestinal microbiota; however, this alteration was mainly caused by TiO2 NPs. Faecal metabolomics analysis revealed that 28 metabolites and 3 metabolic pathways were altered in the co-exposed group. This study is the first to reveal the combined effects of TiO2 NPs and BPA on the mammalian gut microbial community and metabolism dynamics, which is of great value to human health. The coexistence of TiO2 NPs and BPA in the gut poses a potential health risk due to their interaction with the gut microbiota.

Bacillus coagulans Alleviates Intestinal Damage Induced by TiO2 Nanoparticles in Mice on a High-Fat Diet

“…We found that B. coagulans could also ameliorate the reduction in intestinal microbial species resulting from exposure to TiO 2 NPs ( Table 2 ) and modulate the composition of gut microbiota ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 ). Previously, our research group found that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the guts of mice exposed to TiO 2 NPs increased in a dose-dependent manner [ 10 ], which corresponded to other research, and the researchers suggested that the increase in Lactobacillus may be a key factor in the influence of TiO 2 NPs on gut microbiota [ 35 ]. Lactobacillus_gasseri was able to cause gangrene, leading to increased ROS production [ 52 ].…”

“…Numerous studies have documented intestinal damage, as, after ingestion, TiO 2 NPs stay for extended periods in the intestinal tract and interact with intestinal microorganisms and intestinal epithelial cells [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Gut microbiota is an ecosystem with complex interactions, which plays a vital role in human health.…”

“…Ruiz et al indicated that TiO 2 NPs aggravate colitis by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammasomes [ 13 ]. Moreover, our previous study presented that exposure to TiO 2 NPs affects the intestinal microecology in mice: for example, gut microbiota diversity and composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, inflammatory response levels, and gut-associated metabolism [ 10 ].…”

Emerging trends in nano-based antidiabetic therapeutics: a path to effective diabetes management

“…105,106 Yang et al determined the impact of TiO 2 NPs on the composition and metabolic parameters of gut microbiota in diabetic mice, illustrating enhanced glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. 107…”

16S rDNA profiling of Loach (Misgurnus anguillicus) fed with soybean fermented powder intestinal flora in response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection

“…Hippocrates, the father of Western medicine, once said, ‘All diseases begin in the gut’. Modern medical research has further verified that intestinal health plays a vital role in human health [ [ 6 , 7 ]]. As a microbial community resident in the body's intestines, intestinal flora plays a decisive role in intestinal health and participates in regulating various physiological functions of the human body.…”