Intestinal Obstruction

Murphy, Fred T.; Brooks, Barney

doi:10.1001/archinte.1915.00070210053004

Cited by 39 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…An interesting experiment has been performed by Murphy and Brooks (7), who isolated the gall bladder after introducing diluted intestinal contents. The dogs died with symptoms of intoxication, and the contents of their gall bladders were toxic to normal dogs, giving the usual picture of proteose intoxication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Albeck (9) believed that it belonged in the group of putrefactive poisons. Murphy and Brooks (7) believe that it may be similar to the substance sepsin isolated by Faust (10). It has been suggested that it might resemble the ~-iminazolyl ethylamine of Dale (11).…”

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confidence: 85%

“…It has been claimed by Whipple, Stone, and Bernheim that the poison can be formed in a closed loop with no demonstrable lesions in the mucosa. This has been disputed by Hartwell and Hoguet (5,8), and by Murphy and Brooks (7). It may be admitted that commonly the fluid accumulates in the closed loops, that this causes pressure and interference with the blood supply and finally injury to the mucosa.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Intestinal Obstruction

Whipple

Rodenbaugh

Kilgore

1916

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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In earlier publications Whipple, Stone, and Bernheim (1, 2, 3, 4) have established facts which have an important bearing on this question of proteose intoxication. Some of these points will be reviewed, but for the detailed experiments the original papers should be consulted. In this work closed loops of intestine have been used because it has been established by previous experiments that an acute intoxication develops, and the toxic substance may be obtained in concentrated form in the material which accumulates in the closed loops. The intoxication noted in simple intestinal obstruction is similar, but usually less intense than that observed in dogs with closed or drained duodenal loops. Much evidence has been furnished to demonstrate that the essential toxic substance is very similar or even identical in obstruction and in closed intestinal loops.All recent work speaks strongly for the theory of a definite intoxication in intestinal obstruction and closed loops of intestine. The doubts expressed by Hartwell and Hoguet (5) have been answered by Draper (6). Hartwell and Hoguet claimed that loss of fluid and consequent dehydration of the tissues were primary and the intoxication a secondary result of this dehydration. Whipple, Stone, and Bernheim have claimed that the intoxication was primary and the dehydration of the tissues secondary to the intoxication. Draper has been able to show that a dog can be dehydrated in four days by pilocarpin to the same degree encountered in duodenal obstruction. One of us has been able to bring about a similar dehydration and blood concentration by means of pilocarpin and vigorous salt purgation 123 on

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 85%

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confidence: 99%

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Intestinal Obstruction

Whipple

Rodenbaugh

Kilgore

1916

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…Most of the evidence accumulated from many different studies indicates that the toxic agent is some product of protein degradation, probably several related substances, and that many of the properties and effects of these substances are like those of histamine. Apparently the toxic substance is not absorbed by the normal mucosa (Davis (1914), Murphy andBrooks (1915)) but it has been demonstrated that the mucosa of the bowel above the point of obstruction is not normal, that increased tension within the bowel may cause absorption to take place (Stone and Firor (1924)) and that breaks in the continuity of the mucosa may be produced (Murphy and Brooks (1915), Van Buren (1920)) which allow the toxic substance to enter the tissues.…”

Section: Intestinal Obstruction: Toxemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Studies of the Blood in High Intestinal Obstruction

Andrus

Guest²,

Gates³

et al. 1932

J. Clin. Invest.

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In the preceding paper (Guest and Andrus, 1932) certain of the principal changes occurring in the blood of dogs following simple pyloric or mid-duodenal obstruction have been discussed. Experiments were reported in which the distribution of phosphorus in the blood of dogs with obstruction was determined, and changes in various fractions of the blood phosphorus were correlated with other chemical changes of the blood which are generally known to be associated with intestinal obstruction. The greatest change in the blood phosphorus was in that fraction designated as the "organic acid-soluble ester-P" practically all of which is contained in the cells. Changes in the chloride content of both plasma and cells were compared with concomitant changes in the distribution of phosphorus, and a close correlation between the progressive losses of chloride from the blood cells and the increases of the ester-P of the cells was demonstrated. From these findings it was concluded that in the acid-base equilibrium of the cells these organic phosphorus compounds had some sort of a reciprocal relationship to the cell chloride, and that as these phosphorus compounds increased they were bound to the alkali in the cells from which chloride was lost, much as HCO3' is known to be retained by the alkali of the blood from which Cl' is lost. In those experiments it was also shown that the parenteral administration of NaCl solution prevented increases of ester-P in the cells to about the same degree that it prevented losses of chloride.The two theories most commonly accepted in explanation of the cause of death in intestinal obstruction are: (1) that death is due to dehydration and disturbance of the acid-base equilibrium of the body which follows the loss of electrolytes and water by vomiting and by failure of reabsorption of gastro-intestinal secretions from the obstructed bowel; (2) that death is due to a state of intoxication of the tissues brought about by toxic substances absorbed from the obstructed bowel. 475

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The Cause of Death in High Obstruction

Cooper¹

1928

Arch Surg

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Intestinal Obstruction

Cited by 39 publications

References 1 publication

Intestinal Obstruction

Intestinal Obstruction

Chemical Studies of the Blood in High Intestinal Obstruction

The Cause of Death in High Obstruction

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