Intestinal parasites and HIV infection in Tanzanian children with chronic diarrhea

Cegielski, J. Peter; Msengi, A; Dukes, Carol S.; Mbise, Roger; Redding‐Lallinger, Rupa; Minjas, J. N.; Wilson, Michael L.; Shao, John; Durack, David T.

doi:10.1097/00002030-199302000-00009

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…The narrow specificity of the virus-like particles based EIA and the use of RT-PCR as a diagnostic tool in this work may account for these differences. Cegielski et al (1994) in a study conducted in Tanzania also found that HuCVs were more frequent in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected children with chronic diarrhea. Similarly, Cubitt and Jiang (1996) conducted a 2-month survey of 206 children treated in two London hospitals for diarrhea and found that only one sample was positive for MxV, a child known to be infected with HIV-1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Enteric viruses have been associated to acute diarrhea in HIV-infected patients in some settings but not in others (Parashar and Glass, 2003;Pollock, 2001). Regarding HuCVs specifically, no association between infection and diarrhea have been found in studies involving HIVinfected adults (González et al, 1998;Parashar and Glass, 2003), while studies in HIV-infected children have given conflicting results (Cegielski et al, 1994;Liste et al, 2000). However, in all previous studies the detection of HuCVs has been based on electron microscopy or enzymatic immunoassays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calicivirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive children and adults

Rodríguez-Guillén¹,

Vizzi²,

Alcalá³

et al. 2005

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calicivirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive children and adults

Rodríguez-Guillén¹,

Vizzi²,

Alcalá³

et al. 2005

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Early studies documented the presence of HuCVs by electron microscopy [Cegielski et al, 1994;Taylor et al, 1996], including a short out-patient study of gastroenteritis in children in Blantyre [Pavone et al, 1990]. Subsequently, Wolfaardt et al [1997], using a combination of electron microscopy, ELISA, and RT-PCR, detected HuCVs in 3.4% of 947 faecal samples obtained from South African children, the majority of whom were hospitalized with gastroenteritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characterization of human caliciviruses in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Blantyre, Malawi

et al. 2005

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The human caliciviruses (HuCVs), including Norovirus and Sapovirus, are recognized causes of acute gastroenteritis in children and adults. A 1-year study was undertaken in Blantyre, Malawi, to examine the prevalence, and genetic diversity, of human caliciviruses (HuCVs) amongst children under 5 years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), combined with nucleotide sequencing of the RT-PCR products, HuCVs were detected in 34/398 (8.5%) of children. Twelve (35.3%) of the children were co-infected with additional enteric viruses (predominantly rotavirus). The HuCVs comprised 26 Noroviruses (6.5%) and 8 Sapoviruses (2.0%). Each of the Noroviruses belonged to genogroup II, and could be further classified into six genotypes, including GII/3 (18 strains), GII/4 (2 strains), GII/11 (1 strain), GII/13 (1 strain), GII/16 (2 strains), and a putative new genotype GII/20 (2 strains). Each of the Sapoviruses belonged to genogroup GIII. HuCVs are the second most commonly identified viral enteropathogens (after rotavirus) among hospitalized children with gastroenteritis in Malawi.

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“…Studies from Africa have investigated HIV-associated diarrhoeal disease but have been limited either to specific populations, for example, children [4,5] or to an extensive search for a particular organism or group of organisms [6,7]. Investigations into the microbiology of systemic sepsis have been limited in much the same way as with diarrhoeal disease, with searches for specific pathogens, for example mycobacteria [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology of HIV associated bacteraemia and diarrhoea in adults from Nairobi, Kenya

1996

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SummaryWe undertook a retrospective descriptive comparison of the spectrum of pathogens responsible for bacteraemia and diarrhoea in HIV antibody positive and negative patients over 4 years (1988–92), in Nairobi, Kenya. The study population was recruited from primary to tertiary centers of clinical care and consisted of 2858 adults (15 years or older). There were 415 significant blood culture isolates, 192 from 1785 HIV negative patients and 223 from 953 HIV positive patients. There were 233 significant faecal isolates, 22 from 115 HIV negative patients and 211 from 531 HIV positive patients. The most common pathogens detected in blood were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium and in faeces Shigella flexneri, S. typhimurium and Cryptosporidium parvum. The agents causing illness in HIV positive patients in Nairobi are similar to those prevalent in the HIV negative community and the investigation of a febrile illness with or wothout diarrhoea in an HIV positive patient should reflect this.

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Intestinal parasites and HIV infection in Tanzanian children with chronic diarrhea

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Calicivirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive children and adults

Calicivirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive children and adults

Detection and characterization of human caliciviruses in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Blantyre, Malawi

Microbiology of HIV associated bacteraemia and diarrhoea in adults from Nairobi, Kenya

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