Intestinal parasites in rural communities in Nan Province, Thailand: changes in bacterial gut microbiota associated with minute intestinal fluke infection

Prommi, Ajala; Prombutara, Pinidphon; Watthanakulpanich, Dorn; Adisakwattana, Poom; Kusolsuk, Teera; Yoonuan, Tippayarat; Poodeepiyasawat, Akkarin; Homsuwan, Nirundorn; Prummongkol, S; Tanita, Malee; Rattanapikul, Sungkhom; Thinphovong, Chuanphot; Kritiyakan, Anamika; Morand, Serge; Chaisiri, Kittipong

doi:10.1017/s0031182020000736

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Generally speaking, intestinal parasitic infections may have a low impact in immunocompetent subjects; however, they can potentially become a major issue in vulnerable groups. In fact, helminth infections produce malnutrition, physical damage, and cognitive development complications in children [45]. Furthermore, a wide range of protozoans are common parasites of the human gastro-intestinal tract (e.g., Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia duodenalis).…”

Section: Parasites and Gut Microbiota Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Parasitology and Parasitome Maps as Old and New Tools to Improve Clinical Microbiomics

Pane

Ristori

Gardini³

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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A growing body of evidence shows that dysbiotic gut microbiota may correlate with a wide range of disorders; hence, the clinical use of microbiota maps and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can be exploited in the clinic of some infectious diseases. Through direct or indirect ecological and functional competition, FMT may stimulate decolonization of pathogens or opportunistic pathogens, modulating immune response and colonic inflammation, and restoring intestinal homeostasis, which reduces host damage. Herein, we discuss how diagnostic parasitology may contribute to designing clinical metagenomic pipelines and FMT programs, especially in pediatric subjects. The consequences of more specialized diagnostics in the context of gut microbiota communities may improve the clinical parasitology and extend its applications to the prevention and treatment of several communicable and even noncommunicable disorders.

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Section: Parasites and Gut Microbiota Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Parasitology and Parasitome Maps as Old and New Tools to Improve Clinical Microbiomics

Pane

Ristori

Gardini³

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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“…Most of the work in this area involves describing associations between intestinal helminths and fecal samples by 16S ribosomal sequencing analysis in endemic populations. These include cross-sectional (n = 12) 53,[133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147] and longitudinal studies (n = 10) [148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159] , but the conclusions are often divergent, due to differences in the prevalence of helminths and study population for each analysis (see below). A common feature observed from some cross-sectional studies is increased gut microbial diversity in helminth-infected individuals 133,138,142,[144][145][146]151,153,159 ; however, some other studies showed either reduced diversity 146 or no significant differences in microbial diversity in infected individuals 134,135,139,140,143,148,…”

Section: Effects Of Helminths On Microbiome During Natural Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the gut microbiota varies across geography, ethnicity and mode of subsistence 161 , in studies conducted in various continents including South America 53,141,157 , North America 136,147 , Africa 133,138,139,148,153,154,156 , Europe 151 , and Asia 134,135,140,[142][143][144][145][146]149,150,152,153,155,158,159 , it is not surprising to have divergent findings. In addition, studies have focused on different parasites, based on the study population including T. trichiura 133,144,149,155,157 , A. lumbricoides 147 , S. haematobium 139,156 , S. mansoni 154 S. japonicum 134 , Strongyloides stercoralis 151 , Clonorchis sinensis 142 , Haplorchis taichui 146 , E. vermicularis 159 , or mixed infections 136,138,140,141,143,145...…”

Section: Effects Of Helminths On Microbiome During Natural Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of helminths on the human immune response and the microbiome

2022

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Helminths have evolved sophisticated immune regulating mechanisms to prevent rejection by their mammalian host. Our understanding of how the human immune system responds to these parasites remains poor compared to mouse models of infection and this limits our ability to develop vaccines as well as harness their unique properties as therapeutic strategies against inflammatory disorders. Here, we review how recent studies on human challenge infections, self-infected individuals, travelers, and endemic populations have improved our understanding of human type 2 immunity and its effects on the microbiome. The heterogeneity of responses between individuals and the limited access to tissue samples beyond the peripheral blood are challenges that limit human studies on helminths, but also provide opportunities to transform our understanding of human immunology. Organoids and single-cell sequencing are exciting new tools for immunological analysis that may aid this pursuit. Learning about the genetic and immunological basis of resistance, tolerance, and pathogenesis to helminth infections may thus uncover mechanisms that can be utilized for therapeutic purposes.

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“…Moreover, differences in bacterial community composition were also found (β diversity). The authors concluded that H. taichui infection modifies microbiome ( Prommi et al, 2020 ). However, it is possible to question us: does parasite infection succeed if microbiota is first affected by other reasons?…”

Section: Probiotics As Complement/treatment Against Helminth Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for the one(s): Using Probiotics as Anthelmintic Treatments

Saracino¹,

Vila²,

Baldi³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Helminths are a major health concern as over one billion people are infected worldwide and, despite the multiple efforts made, there is still no effective human vaccine against them. The most important drugs used nowadays to control helminth infections belong to the benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles (levamisole) and macrocyclic lactones (avermectins and milbemycins) families. However, in the last 20 years, many publications have revealed increasing anthelmintic resistance in livestock which is both an economical and a potential health problem, even though very few have reported similar findings in human populations. To deal with this worrying limitation of anthelmintic drugs, alternative treatments based on plant extracts or probiotics have been developed. Probiotics are defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as live microorganisms, which, when consumed in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. It has been proven that probiotic microbes have the ability to exert an immunomodulatory effect both at the mucosa and the systemic level. The immune response against gastrointestinal helminths is characterized as a type 2 response, with high IgE levels, increased numbers and/or activity of Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and alternatively activated macrophages. The oral administration of probiotics may contribute to controlling gastrointestinal helminth infections since it has been demonstrated that these microorganisms stimulate dendritic cells to elicit a type 2 or regulatory immune response, among other effects on the host immune system. Here we review the current knowledge about the use of probiotic bacteria as anthelmintic therapy or as a complement to traditional anthelmintic treatments. Considering all research papers reviewed, we may conclude that the effect generated by probiotics on helminth infection depends not only on the parasite species, their stage and localization but also on the administration scheme.

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Intestinal parasites in rural communities in Nan Province, Thailand: changes in bacterial gut microbiota associated with minute intestinal fluke infection

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Clinical Parasitology and Parasitome Maps as Old and New Tools to Improve Clinical Microbiomics

Clinical Parasitology and Parasitome Maps as Old and New Tools to Improve Clinical Microbiomics

Effects of helminths on the human immune response and the microbiome

Searching for the one(s): Using Probiotics as Anthelmintic Treatments

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