Intestinal Viruses of Newborn and Older Prematures

Screening for Viral Infections in Infants With Poor Intrauterine Growth

“…The rate of viral infection is in accordance with the findings of Low & Galbraith who in a material of 182 SGA infants did not find any congenital viral infections (18). Screening studies for virus in full-sized babies have also been either negative or shown positive isolation only in singular cases (9,10,18).…”

Enteroviruses in Infantile Diarrhea1

“…As has been stated no enteroviruses were demonstrated in 92 newborn infants (46 study patients, 46 control subjects) who had never been outside the hospital. These findings coupled with the experience of others (14,15) lead us to feel that the chances of epidemic diarrhea in the hospital newborn nursery being due to ECHO viruses are small. The infants are born of mothers who are unlikely to be harboring these viruses, they are cared for by attendants who also have a low carrier incidence for these agents.…”

“…There is suggestive evidence in support of a fifth fact. The percentage of enteroviruses harbored by hospitaldelivered newborn infants prior to being discharged from the hospital seems to be extremely low (14,15).…”

Early immunization of neonates with trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine

“…Several factors play a role in accounting for these differences: potency is reduced in tropical countries because of deficiencies in the storage of the vaccine (27); there could be differences in inhibitory factors in the digestive tract that have an effect on the implantation and replication of the vaccine virus (28); and the interference by other enteroviruses in small children in tropical countries may reduce the immune response (29)(30)(31)(32). The incidence of enterovirus infections among neonates in Brazil (33) and elsewhere (34) is significantly lower than that among older children, and may account for the better seroconversion rates observed in younger children. Our results indicate that there is an improved serological response to TOPV when the schedule is started early, during the neonatal period, particularly as far as poliovirus type 3 is concerned.…”