Intimate Partner Violence–Related Oculofacial Injuries During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Slentz, Dane H; Joseph, Andrew; Joseph, Shannon S.

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.1543

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Intimate partner violence also emerged as a leading cause of ocular trauma, which was severe and worsened with scleral laceration, vision loss, and ultimately enucleation ( 69 ). Previous studies have illustrated a 27% increase in domestic violence reports received by police in the United States since the travel restriction orders were issued, of which the proportion of serious injuries nearly doubled, suggesting higher severity ( 70 , 71 ). In addition, the incidence of pediatric ocular trauma increased markedly, and children aged 13–18 years became a high-risk group for open-globe injuries during the pandemic rather than preschoolers ( 72 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Changed Prevalence, Disease Spectrum and Management Strategies of Ocular Trauma

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the health of people around the world and has reshaped social behaviors and clinical practice. The purpose of this perspective is to provide epidemiologists and clinicians with information about how the spectrum of ocular trauma diseases changed, as well as to optimize management for improving patient prognosis during this crisis. Analysis of current studies revealed that the prevalence of eye trauma decreased overall, with a trend of delayed medical treatment during the COVID-19 era. Irregular epidemic prevention and control measures, unprotected home activities, and unusual mental states are the main causes of ocular trauma. Strategies for reducing morbidity are also discussed, including popularizing the use norms of prevention and control supplies, taking heed to the safety of family activities, highlighting the special status of child protection, and paying attention to previous case data to implement region-specific precautions. The procedure of ophthalmological emergency and outpatient management should also be optimized, and mental health should be emphasized during this pandemic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Changed Prevalence, Disease Spectrum and Management Strategies of Ocular Trauma

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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“…Relevant to the emergence of telemedicine, ophthalmologists need to be aware of the potential IPV-related risk factors because home privacy may be jeopardized in a telemedicine appointment. 30,31 Appropriate screening guidelines are crucial in this context. Our results suggest that sex could potentially play an important role as an identifying risk factor for IPV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another key finding is that with respect to location, women patients had the greatest odds of injury at home (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.60-2.29; P < .001) compared with their male counterparts. Relevant to the emergence of telemedicine, ophthalmologists need to be aware of the potential IPV-related risk factors because home privacy may be jeopardized in a telemedicine appointment . Appropriate screening guidelines are crucial in this context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Pattern and Injury Mechanism of Intimate Partner Violence–Related Ocular Trauma in the US

et al. 2023

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ImportanceIntimate partner violence (IPV) is an important cause of death and disability worldwide. The literature estimates that 45% of IPV injuries involve the eyes. Many medical fields have increased IPV-related research; however, ophthalmology IPV research remains rare.ObjectiveTo evaluate the epidemiologic pattern and injury mechanism of IPV related to ocular trauma.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis with deidentified data using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes from the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB), which is a data set collected by the American College of Surgeons. The NTDB is the largest US hospitalized trauma case database with submissions from more than 900 US facilities. Included in this analysis were the IPV-related ocular injuries of patients hospitalized between 2017 and 2019. Study data were analyzed from April 20 to October 15, 2022.ExposuresIPV-related ocular injuries.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOcular injuries and adult IPV trauma survivors were identified with the ICD-10-CM codes. The following demographic data were collected: sex, age, race and ethnicity, health insurance plan, substance misuse screening results, trauma level of hospital, the emergency department disposition, the total Glasgow Coma Scale score, the abbreviated injury scale, and caregiver at discharge.ResultsA total of 2598 of the recorded ocular injuries were associated with IPV. Patients had a mean (SD) age of 45.2 (18.4) years, and 1618 were female (62.3%). Most patients in the population sample (1195 [46.0%]) were aged 18 to 39 years. The race and ethnicity distribution was as follows: 629 Black (24.2%), 296 Hispanic (11.4%), 1358 White (52.3%), 229 other (8.8%), and 86 missing (3.3%). Insurance statuses were Medicaid (847 [32.6%]), Medicare (524 [20.2%]), private insurance (524 [20.2%]), and self-pay (488 [18.8%]). Women had greater odds of testing positive during alcohol screening (odds ratio [OR], 1.42; 95% CI, 1.21-1.67; P &lt; .001). Black patients were most likely to have Medicaid (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.35-1.99; P &lt; .001), Hispanic patients were most likely to self-pay (OR, 1.96, 95% CI, 1.48-2.58; P &lt; .001), and White patients were most likely to use Medicare (OR, 2.94, 95% CI, 2.33-3.73; P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceSocial determinants of health were identified as key risk factors for IPV-related ocular injuries. Study findings highlight identifiable risk factors associated with IPV and ocular trauma that can contribute to IPV awareness among ophthalmologists.

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“…However, there was an increase in the percentage of women who experience injuries during the pandemic. Several studies reported that the incidence and severity of physical violence during the pandemic were high compared with previous years [49][50][51]. This high rate could be explained by the delay of abused women reaching health care services until the late stages of the abuse cycle [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic violence against women during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in Egypt: a cross-sectional study

Elsaid

Shehata

Hassan

et al. 2022

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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Background While it is necessary to limit the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, efforts including social isolation, restricted travel, and school closures are anticipated to raise the probability of domestic violence (DV). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, pattern, risk factors, and physical health outcomes of domestic violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenient sample. The data collection tool was based on Sect. 11 of the Egyptian Demographic Health Survey, 2014, which is designed to measure domestic violence. We used a Google form-designed questionnaire and distributed the link to social media platforms from May 2020 to June 2020 till the collection of the required sample of 388 completed questionnaires. Results The prevalence of every form of DV was 31%. Emotional violence was the most prevalent (43.5%) followed by physical (38.9%) and sexual violence (17.5%). About 10.5% of women reported suffering from all types of violence. The husband was the most common perpetrator of DV. The determinants of ever experiencing any form of DV were low education level of women (OR = 7.3, 95% CI 2.8–18.8), unemployment (OR = 2.31, 95% CI 4–3.5), husband’s use of alcohol or substance (OR = 14.4, 95% CI 4.1–50.2), and insufficient income (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 2–3.2). The most common health consequences of DV were injuries such as cuts, bruises, and aches. Conclusions The prevalence of ever experiencing any form of DV was 31% which is considered high. Emotional violence was the most common whereas sexual violence was the least common. Identifying the risk factors of DV would support the development and implementation of preventive and screening programs for early identification and offering social support to the victims. Policies should be adopted for the early detection and protection of women suffering from violent behaviors. Access to adequate prompt support and health-care services is crucial in order to decrease the consequences of violence. It is necessary to implement alcohol or drug abuse interventions, preventive measures, and screening programs in families to reduce DV.

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Intimate Partner Violence–Related Oculofacial Injuries During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

COVID-19 Changed Prevalence, Disease Spectrum and Management Strategies of Ocular Trauma

COVID-19 Changed Prevalence, Disease Spectrum and Management Strategies of Ocular Trauma

Epidemiologic Pattern and Injury Mechanism of Intimate Partner Violence–Related Ocular Trauma in the US

Domestic violence against women during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in Egypt: a cross-sectional study

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