Intimate relationships with their neighbors: Tales of stem cells in <i>Drosophila</i> reproductive systems

Xie, Ting; Kawase, Eihachiro; Kirilly, Dániel; Wong, Marco D.

doi:10.1002/dvdy.20317

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…BMP, Hh and Piwi-mediated signaling pathways control GSC self-renewal and proliferation, while BMP, Hh and Wg pathways are required for SSC self-renewal and proliferation [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FLP-mediated FRT stem cell marking system has been successfully used to generate marked mutant stem cells and www.cell-research.com | Cell Research Dániel Kirilly and Ting Xie 17 npg determine the effect of a mutation in a given gene on the maintenance, proliferation and differentiation of GSC, SSC or ESC [12,17,27]. This method has been used to demonstrate roles of different pathways and factors in the control of ovarian stem cell regulation in the Drosophila ovary [7]. Recently, MARCM (mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker) and PMML (positively marked mosaic lineage), two positive marking systems for gene overexpression, have been used to effectively study SSC regulation [26].…”

Section: The Drosophila Ovary Offers Unique Opportunities For Studyinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As expected, some of these genes encode intrinsic factors, including nuclear factors and translational regulators that function inside the GSC, while the others produce proteins that function to generate signals and regulators of signal production within the niche. Several recent reviews have summarized Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community 18 npg the progress in understanding functions of these extrinsic and intrinsic factors in regulation of GSC self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation [6][7][8]34]. In this review, we will focus on discussing recent progress in understanding molecular mechanisms governing stem cell regulation in the Drosophila ovary.…”

Section: Genes and Pathways That Control Gsc Self-renewal Proliferatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the Drosophila ovary offers several unique advantages for studying molecular and genetic networks controlling stem cell regulation. First, a small number of easily identified stem cells are located in a simple tubular structure, also known as the germarium, in which stem cells and their surrounding cells are well defined and easily distinguished from one another, facilitating qualitative and quantitative analyses [6][7][8]. Second, sophisticated but yet elegant genetic and molecular tools make manipulation of gene function in stem cells and their niche easy and precise [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, a small number of easily identified stem cells are located in a simple tubular structure, also known as the germarium, in which stem cells and their surrounding cells are well defined and easily distinguished from one another, facilitating qualitative and quantitative analyses [6][7][8]. Second, sophisticated but yet elegant genetic and molecular tools make manipulation of gene function in stem cells and their niche easy and precise [7]. Third, more than 50% of the Drosophila genes have mutations, and microarray and proteomic reagents are available due to the finished Drosophila genome, which dramatically enhance our ability to discover genes that encode intrinsic factors and niche signals important for controlling self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

2007

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Only a small number of cells in adult tissues (the stem cells) possess the ability to self-renew at every cell division, while producing differentiating daughter cells to maintain tissue homeostasis for an organism's lifetime. The Drosophila ovary harbors three different types of stem cell populations (germline stem cell (GSC), somatic stem cell (SSC) and escort stem cell (ESC)) located in a simple anatomical structure known as germarium, rendering it one of the best model systems for studying stem cell biology due to reliable stem cell identification and available sophisticated genetic tools for manipulating gene functions. Particularly, the niche for the GSC is among the first and best studied ones, and studies on the GSC and its niche have made many unique contributions to a better understanding of relationships between stem cells and their niche. So far, both the GSC and the SSC have been shown to be regulated by extrinsic factors originating from their niche and intrinsic factors functioning within. Multiple signaling pathways are required for controlling GSC and SSC self-renewal and differentiation, which provide unique opportunities to investigate how multiple signals from the niche are interpreted in the stem cell. Since the Drosophila ovary contains three types of stem cells, it also provides outstanding opportunities to study how multiple stem cells in a given tissue work collaboratively to contribute to tissue function and maintenance. This review highlights recent major advances in studying Drosophila ovarian stem cells and also discusses future directions and challenges.

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“…BMP, Hh and Piwi-mediated signaling pathways control GSC self-renewal and proliferation, while BMP, Hh and Wg pathways are required for SSC self-renewal and proliferation [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Drosophila Ovary Offers Unique Opportunities For Studyinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genes and Pathways That Control Gsc Self-renewal Proliferatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

2007

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Modelling Cancer in Drosophila

Brumby

Richardson

2008

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Ever since the discovery of neoplastic and metastatic overgrowths in Drosophila melanogaster , the fly has been recognized as an excellent model organism for studying tumorigenesis. Recently, however, its relevance has become even more pronounced with the modelling of neoplasias in somatic clones of tissue using cooperative interactions between tumour suppressors and homologues of known mammalian oncogenes. The realization that many Drosophila neoplasias can be understood with respect to aberrant differentiation of stem cell progeny, together with the growing trend to postulate a stem cell origin of mammalian cancers, further highlight the enormous potential of fly cancer models to greatly increase our understanding of how human cancers develop.

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DrosophilaSERTAD domain protein Taranis is required in somatic cells for maintenance of male germline stem cells

Dutta

Nath

et al. 2020

Developmental Dynamics

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Background Polycomb proteins are essential for maintaining stem cell identity across different stem cell niches. However, how they function to maintain stem cell niches is not fully understood. Results Here we show that the SERTAD protein Taranis (Tara), which is a Polycomb‐trithorax group protein, is expressed in the adult testis niche and plays a role in its maintenance in Drosophila. We found that tara is expressed in early cyst cells, likely including somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs) of Drosophila male testis tip region, which houses both germline and somatic cyst stem cells along with the hub cells, forming the stem cell niche. Consistent with its expression, we found that, while loss of tara in germline cells only had minimal effects, tara knockdown in all cells or only in somatic cells of the niche reduced the number of not only somatic cells, but also germline stem cells (GSCs). We further found that Tara might antagonize Notch signaling in CySCs to maintain the stem cell niche. Conclusions Our studies suggest that Tara might function in somatic CySCs for GSC maintenance in the Drosophila testis.

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Intimate relationships with their neighbors: Tales of stem cells in Drosophila reproductive systems

Cited by 41 publications

References 123 publications

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

Modelling Cancer in Drosophila

DrosophilaSERTAD domain protein Taranis is required in somatic cells for maintenance of male germline stem cells

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